ReviewFrontiers in systems neuroscience2014
Neurons containing orexin or melanin concentrating hormone reciprocally regulate wake and sleep.
Review in Frontiers in systems neuroscience, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insulin-Sensitizer Effects of Fenugreek Seeds in Parallel with Changes in Plasma MCH Levels in Healthy Volunteers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Trial
- Altered light-dark phase-dependent behavioral responses and suprachiasmatic nucleus pathology in an α-synuclein rat model of Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis as a neuromodulatory target for refractory epilepsy.Frontiers in network physiology · 2026Review
- Effects of mild cognitive impairment and sleep disorders on the minimum alveolar concentration value of sevoflurane.BMC anesthesiology · 2024Article
- Targeting MCH Neuroendocrine Circuit in Lateral Hypothalamus to Protect Against Skeletal Senescence.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Insomnia in Forensic Detainees: Is Salience Network the Common Pathway for Sleep, Neuropsychiatric, and Neurodegenerative Disorders?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Diverse roles of pontine NPS-expressing neurons in sleep regulation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Searching for sleep in all the right places: My career in sleep research.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2024Article
- Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Affects Orexin/Hypocretin Physiology Differently in Male and Female Mice.Journal of neurotrauma · 2023Article
- Dorsoventral Arrangement of Lateral Hypothalamus Populations in the Mouse Hypothalamus: a Prosomeric Genoarchitectonic Analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- Sleep-mediated regulation of reward circuits: implications in substance use disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Chaihu-Longgu-Muli decoction improves sleep disorders by restoring orexin-A function in CKD mice.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Engages Melanin-Concentrating Hormone Neurons to Reduce Cocaine Seeking.Biological psychiatry · 2022Article
- Selective activation of the hypothalamic orexinergic but not melanin-concentrating hormone neurons following pilocarpine-induced seizures in rats.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Carbohydrate and sleep: An evaluation of putative mechanisms.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Multifaceted actions of melanin-concentrating hormone on mammalian energy homeostasis.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2021Review
- Cocaine-induced neural adaptations in the lateral hypothalamic melanin-concentrating hormone neurons and the role in regulating rapid eye movement sleep after withdrawal.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Article
- Altered sleep intensity upon DBS to hypothalamic sleep-wake centers in rats.Translational neuroscience · 2021Article
- Encephalitis lethargica epidemic milestones in early sleep neurobiology researches.Sleep medicine · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neurons containing orexin (hypocretin), or melanin concentrating hormone (MCH) are intermingled with each other in the perifornical and lateral hypothalamus. Each is a separate and distinct neuronal population, but they project to similar target areas in the brain. Orexin has been implicated in regulating arousal since loss of orexin neurons is associated with the sleep disorder narcolepsy. Microinjections of orexin into the brain or optogenetic stimulation of orexin neurons increase waking. Orexin neurons are active in waking and quiescent in sleep, which is consistent with their role in promoting waking. On the other hand, the MCH neurons are quiet in waking but active in sleep, suggesting that they could initiate sleep. Recently, for the first time the MCH neurons were stimulated optogenetically and it increased sleep. Indeed, optogenetic activation of MCH neurons induced sleep in both mice and rats at a circadian time when they should be awake, indicating the powerful effect that MCH neurons have in suppressing the wake-promoting effect of not only orexin but also of all of the other arousal neurotransmitters. Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is coexpressed with MCH in the MCH neurons, although MCH is also inhibitory. The inhibitory tone of the MCH neurons is opposite to the excitatory tone of the orexin neurons. We hypothesize that strength in activity of each determines wake vs. sleep.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.