Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25618892›Full record

ArticleNeuro-oncology2015

Regulatory T cells are not a strong predictor of survival for patients with glioblastoma.

Alissa A Thomas, Jan L Fisher, Gilbert J Rahme, Thomas H Hampton, Udo Baron, Sven Olek, Tim Schwachula, C Harker Rhodes, Jiang Gui, Laura J Tafe and 9 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neuro-oncology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. Comprehensive Analysis ofFrontiers in oncology · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Alissa A ThomasDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Jan L FisherDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Gilbert J RahmeDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Thomas H HamptonDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Udo BaronDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Sven OlekDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Tim SchwachulaDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
C Harker RhodesDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Jiang GuiDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Laura J TafeDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Gregory J TsongalisDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Joel A LeffertsDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Heather WishartDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Jonathan KleenDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Michael MillerDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Chery A WhippleDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Francine B de AbreuDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Marc S ErnstoffDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Camilo E FadulDepartment of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (A.A.T.); Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.L.F.); Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire (G.J.R.); Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany (U.B., S.O., T.S.); Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.H.R., L.J.T., G.J.T., J.A.L., F.B.d.A.); Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.G.); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (T.H.H.); Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (H.W.); Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire (J.K., M.M.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.A.W.); Melanoma Program, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (M.S.E.); Department of Medicine, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire (C.E.F.).
Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center · USDartmouth Psychiatric Research Center · USDartmouth College · US

Funding

Translational Engineering in Cancer (TEC)P30CA023108 · NCI · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI Steven D Leach · 1985 to 2026
$91.3M
Quantitative Biology Research InstituteP20GM103534 · NIGMS · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI AMOS, CHRISTOPHER I. · 2012 to 2016
$8.6M
Role of Virulence Factors in Pseudomonas-Host InteractionsR01HL074175 · NHLBI · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI STANTON, BRUCE A. · 2003 to 2018
$5.0M
QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTEP20RR024475 · NCRR · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI MOORE, JASON H. · 2011 to 2011
$2.3M
NCI NIH HHS CA023108NCI NIH HHS P30 CA023108NCRR NIH HHS 5P20RR024475-02NCRR NIH HHS P20 RR024475NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL074175NHLBI NIH HHS R01-HL074175NIGMS NIH HHS 8 P20 GM103534-02NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103534
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRegulatory T cells (Tregs) are potentially prognostic indicators in patients with glioblastoma. If differences in frequency of Tregs in tumor or blood account for substantial variation in patient survival, then reliably measuring Tregs may enhance treatment selection and improve outcomes.

methodsWe measured Tregs and CD3+ T cells in tumors and blood from 25 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Tumor-infiltrating Tregs and CD3+ T cells, measured by quantitative DNA demethylation analysis (epigenetic qPCR) and by immunohistochemistry, and peripheral blood Treg proportions measured by flow cytometry were correlated with patient survival. Additionally, we analyzed data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to correlate the expression of Treg markers with patient survival and glioblastoma subtypes.

resultsTregs, as measured in tumor tissue and peripheral blood, did not correlate with patient survival. Although there was a correlation between tumor-infiltrating Tregs expression by epigenetic qPCR and immunohistochemistry, epigenetic qPCR was more sensitive and specific. Using data from TCGA, mRNA expression of Forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) and Helios and FoxP3 methylation level did not predict survival. While the classical glioblastoma subtype corresponded to lower expression of Treg markers, these markers did not predict survival in any of the glioblastoma subtypes.

conclusionsAlthough immunosuppression is a hallmark of glioblastoma, Tregs as measured in tissue by gene expression, immunohistochemistry, or demethylation and Tregs in peripheral blood measured by flow cytometry do not predict survival of patients. Quantitative DNA demethylation analysis provides an objective, sensitive, and specific way of identifying Tregs and CD3+ T cells in glioblastoma.

Indexed as

AgedBrain NeoplasmsCD3 ComplexDNA MethylationFemaleGlioblastomaHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisSurvival AnalysisT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryCD3 Complexepigenetic qPCRglioblastomaimmunotherapyregulatory T cellTregs

Identifiers

PMID25618892
PMCPMC4483125
OpenAlexW2105718479

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.