Trial reportEuropean journal of nutrition2016
Effects of increased wholegrain consumption on immune and inflammatory markers in healthy low habitual wholegrain consumers.
Trial report in European journal of nutrition, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effects of whole grains on glycemic control: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials.Nutrition journal · 2024Pooled it
- Whole Grain Consumption and Inflammatory Markers: A Systematic Literature Review of Randomized Control Trials.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- The Effect of Whole-Grain Intake on Biomarkers of Subclinical Inflammation: A Comprehensive Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- Food groups and intermediate disease markers: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2018Pooled it
- Whole Grain Intake and Glycaemic Control in Healthy Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutrients · 2017Pooled it
- Successful elevation of circulating acetate and propionate by dietary modulation does not alter T-regulatory cell or cytokine profiles in healthy humans: a pilot study.European journal of nutrition · 2020Trial
- Role of whole grains versus fruits and vegetables in reducing subclinical inflammation and promoting gastrointestinal health in individuals affected by overweight and obesity: a randomized controlled trial.Nutrition journal · 2018Trial
- Substituting whole grains for refined grains in a 6-wk randomized trial has a modest effect on gut microbiota and immune and inflammatory markers of healthy adults.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2017Trial
- Longitudinal association of urinary DHPPA and DHBA with cardiometabolic risk markers in Chinese community-dwelling adults.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Review
- Analysis of the intricate effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols on inflammatory pathways in health and disease.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2020Review
- Chronic Inflammation in the Context of Everyday Life: Dietary Changes as Mitigating Factors.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- Perspective: Whole and Refined Grains and Health-Evidence Supporting "Make Half Your Grains Whole".Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Article
- Serum Inflammatory Profile for the Discrimination of Clinical Subtypes in Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2018Article
- Quantitative analysis of absorption, metabolism, and excretion of benzoxazinoids in humans after the consumption of high- and low-benzoxazinoid diets with similar contents of cereal dietary fibres: a crossover study.European journal of nutrition · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeWholegrain (WG) consumption is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, but clinical data on inflammation and immune function is either conflicting or limited. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of increasing WG consumption to at least 80 g/day on markers of inflammation and glucose metabolism and on phenotypic and functional aspects of the immune system, in healthy, middle-aged adults with low habitual WG intake.
methodsSubjects consumed a diet high in WG (>80 g/day) or low in WG (<16 g/day, refined grain diet) in a crossover study, with 6-week intervention periods, separated by a 4-week washout. Adherence to the dietary regimes was achieved by dietary advice and provision of a range of food products, with compliance verified by analysis of plasma alkylresorcinols (ARs).
resultsOn the WG intervention, WG consumption reached 168 g/day (P < 0.001), accompanied by an increase in plasma ARs (P < 0.001) and fibre intake (P < 0.001), without affecting other aspects of dietary intake. On the WG arm, there were trends for lower ex vivo activation of CD4(+) T cells and circulating concentrations of IL-10, C-reactive protein, C-peptide, insulin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. The percentage of CD4(+) central memory T cells and circulating levels of adipsin tended to increase during the WG intervention.
conclusionsDespite the dramatic increase in WG consumption, there were no effects on phenotypic or functional immune parameters, markers of inflammation or metabolic markers.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.