Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25617601›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental research2015

Measuring personal heat exposure in an urban and rural environment.

Molly C Bernhard, Shia T Kent, Meagan E Sloan, Mary B Evans, Leslie A McClure, Julia M Gohlke

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Trees Reduce Daytime Extreme Urban Heat Risk for People Experiencing Unsheltered Homelessness.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Using wearable devices to measure personal heat exposure in a preconception cohort.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Molly C BernhardDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Shia T KentDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, UAB, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Meagan E SloanSchool of Medicine, UAB, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Mary B EvansCenter for the Study of Community Health, School of Public Health, UAB, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Leslie A McClureDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, UAB, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Julia M GohlkeDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

Funding

Why is the prevalence of obesity so high in U.S. Southern States? Regional predictors of BMI and obesity treatment response.P30DK056336 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI James O Hill · 2000 to 2026
$31.9M
Deep South Occupational Safety & Health Education & Research Center-SupplementT42OH008436 · OH · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI LUNGU, CLAUDIU T · 2005 to 2025
$28.8M
UAB Pre-Doctoral Training Program in Obesity-Related ResearchT32HL105349 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI BARBARA A GOWER · 2010 to 2026
$5.7M
UAB CANCER RESEARCH EXPERIENCES FOR STUDENTS(CARES)R25CA076023 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI SMITH, PETER R., WATERBOR, JOHN W · 1999 to 2020
$5.6M
CITY HEALTH - CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF COMMUNITY HEALTHU48DP001915 · DP · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI MICHAEL, MAX · 2009 to 2013
$4.5M
Environmental exposures across urban and rural communities in the Deep SouthR01ES023029 · NIEHS · VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV · PI GOHLKE, JULIA M · 2015 to 2019
$1.7M
Extreme Heat Events- Evolving risk patterns in urban and rural communitiesR21ES020205 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI GOHLKE, JULIA M · 2011 to 2012
$421k
ACL HHS T42OH008436NCCDPHP CDC HHS U48 DP001915NCCDPHP CDC HHS U48/DP001915NCI NIH HHS R25 CA076023NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL105349NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK056336NIDDK NIH HHS P30DK056336NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES023029NIEHS NIH HHS R21 ES020205NIEHS NIH HHS R21ES020205NIOSH CDC HHS T42 OH008436NIOSH CDC HHS T42OH008436-08
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Previous studies have linked heat waves to adverse health outcomes using ambient temperature as a proxy for estimating exposure. The goal of the present study was to test a method for determining personal heat exposure. An occupationally exposed group (urban groundskeepers in Birmingham, AL, USA N=21), as well as urban and rural community members from Birmingham, AL (N=30) or west central AL (N=30) wore data logging temperature and light monitors clipped to the shoe for 7 days during the summer of 2012. We found that a temperature monitor clipped to the shoe provided a comfortable and feasible method for recording personal heat exposure. Ambient temperature (°C) recorded at the nearest weather station was significantly associated with personal heat exposure [β 0.37, 95%CI (0.35, 0.39)], particularly in groundskeepers who spent more of their total time outdoors [β 0.42, 95%CI (0.39, 0.46)]. Factors significantly associated with lower personal heat exposure include reported time indoors [β -2.02, 95%CI (-2.15, -1.89)], reported income>20K [β -1.05, 95%CI (-1.79, -0.30)], and measured % body fat [β -0.07, 95%CI (-0.12, -0.02)]. There were significant associations between income and % body fat with lower indoor and nighttime exposures, but not with outdoor heat exposure, suggesting modifications of the home thermal environment play an important role in determining overall heat exposure. Further delineation of the effect of personal characteristics on heat exposure may help to develop targeted strategies for preventing heat-related illness.

Indexed as

EnvironmentEnvironmental ExposureHot TemperatureAdultAgedAlabamaBody CompositionEnvironmental MonitoringFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRural PopulationSocial ClassSunlightUrban PopulationHeat exposureOccupational heat exposureOutdoor versus indoor exposurePersonal exposureSunlight exposure

Identifiers

PMID25617601
PMCPMC4355189

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.