ArticleBiology open2015
mir-34b/c and mir-449a/b/c are required for spermatogenesis, but not for the first cleavage division in mice.
Article in Biology open, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- MicroRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in diabetes male infertility: a systematic review.Molecular biology reports · 2024Pooled it
- Doxorubicin and 4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide Alter Mitochondrial Dynamics and miR-34 Expression in Spermatogonia and Spermatocytes In Vitro.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Heat Stress and the Bull Sperm Transcriptome: Molecular Mechanisms, Fertility, and Epigenetic Inheritance.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Seminal-Plasma Molecular Biomarkers as a Liquid Biopsy of Testicular Function: Toward AI-Ready Sperm-Retrieval Prediction in Non-Obstructive Azoospermia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Small RNA profile alterations as a potential mechanism for sperm quality improvement following varicocelectomy.Asian journal of andrology · 2026Article
- Unravelling male infertility through epigenetics: present understanding and future challenges.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026Review
- Exploring miR-34a, miR-449, and ADAM2/ADAM7 Expressions as Potential Biomarkers in Male Infertility: A Combined In Silico and Experimental Approach.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Small Non-coding RNAs and Male Infertility.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Genetic and epigenetic insights into non-obstructive azoospermia: mechanisms, biomarkers, and clinical perspectives.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Review
- Male infertility.Systems biology in reproductive medicine · 2025Review
- Gene regulation by non-Coding RNAs in infertility: a mechanistic review.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Review
- Sperm abnormality: Differential expression of microRNAs.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025Review
- Harnessing the power of miRNAs for precision diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Epididymal-Born circRNA Cargo and Its Implications in Male Fertility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- How do lifestyle and environmental factors influence the sperm epigenome? Effects on sperm fertilising ability, embryo development, and offspring health.Clinical epigenetics · 2025Review
- Article
- The Relationship between The Expression of SpermInternational journal of fertility & sterility · 2024Article
- ARL13B controls male reproductive tract physiology through primary and Motile Cilia.Communications biology · 2024Article
- MicroRNA Analysis of In Vitro Differentiation of Spermatogonial Stem Cells Using a 3D Human Testis Organoid System.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Sperm epigenetics and male infertility: unraveling the molecular puzzle.Human genomics · 2024Review
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Mammalian sperm are carriers of not only the paternal genome, but also the paternal epigenome in the forms of DNA methylation, retained histones and noncoding RNAs. Although paternal DNA methylation and histone retention sites have been correlated with protein-coding genes that are critical for preimplantation embryonic development, physiological evidence of an essential role of these epigenetic marks in fertilization and early development remains lacking. Two miRNA clusters consisting of five miRNAs (miR-34b/c and miR-449a/b/c) are present in sperm, but absent in oocytes, and miR-34c has been reported to be essential for the first cleavage division in vitro. Here, we show that both miR-34b/c- and miR-449-null male mice displayed normal fertility, and that intracytoplasmic injection of either miR-34b/c- or miR-449-null sperm led to normal fertilization, normal preimplantation development and normal birth rate. However, miR-34b/c and miR-449 double knockout (miR-dKO) males were infertile due to severe spermatogenic disruptions and oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia. Injection of miR-dKO sperm into wild-type oocytes led to a block at the two-pronucleus to zygote transition, whereas normal preimplantation development and healthy pups were obtained through injection of miR-dKO round spermatids. Our data demonstrate that miR-34b/c and miR-449a/b/c are essential for normal spermatogenesis and male fertility, but their presence in sperm is dispensable for fertilization and preimplantation development.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.