ReviewVirology journal2015
HIV-1 vaccine immunogen design strategies.
Review in Virology journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- T cell antigenic recognition sequencing (TAR-seq) enables precise characterization of vaccine-elicited cellular immunity ex vivo andFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Multiple Mechanisms of HIV-1 Resistance to PGT135 in a Chinese Subtype B' Slow Progressor.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Advances in HIV Treatment and Vaccine Development: Emerging Therapies and Breakthrough Strategies for Long-Term Control.AIDS research and treatment · 2025Review
- Modulation of immune responses to liposomal vaccines by intrastructural help.European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V · 2023Article
- Article
- In vivo delivery of a multiepitope peptide and Nef protein using novel cell-penetrating peptides for development of HIV-1 vaccine candidate.Biotechnology letters · 2021Article
- RV144 vaccine imprinting constrained HIV-1 evolution following breakthrough infection.Virus evolution · 2021Article
- Article
- Nef-mediated inhibition of NFAT following TCR stimulation differs between HIV-1 subtypes.Virology · 2019Article
- Prime-Boost Immunizations with DNA, Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara, and Protein-Based Vaccines Elicit Robust HIV-1 Tier 2 Neutralizing Antibodies against the CAP256 Superinfecting Virus.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Computational Design of Epitope-Enriched HIV-1 Gag Antigens with Preserved Structure and Function for Induction of Broad CD8Scientific reports · 2018Article
- What Is the Predictive Value of Animal Models for Vaccine Efficacy in Humans? The Importance of Bridging Studies and Species-Independent Correlates of Protection.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2018Review
- M918: A Novel Cell Penetrating Peptide for Effective Delivery of HIV-1 Nef and Hsp20-Nef Proteins into Eukaryotic Cell Lines.Current HIV research · 2018Article
- An HIV Envelope gp120-Fc Fusion Protein Elicits Effector Antibody Responses in Rhesus Macaques.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2017Article
- Stabilization of a soluble, native-like trimeric form of an efficiently cleaved Indian HIV-1 clade C envelope glycoprotein.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2017Article
- Synthetic biology approach for the development of conditionally replicating HIV-1 vaccine.Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986) · 2017Article
- Exploiting Natural Cross-reactivity between Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 p17 Protein and Anti-gp41 2F5 Antibody to Induce HIV-1 Neutralizing ResponsesFrontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Prevention strategies for blood-borne viruses-in the Era of vaccines, direct acting antivirals and antiretroviral therapy.Reviews in medical virology · 2016Review
- New concepts in HIV-1 vaccine development.Current opinion in immunology · 2016Review
- New developments in an old strategy: heterologous vector primes and envelope protein boosts in HIV vaccine design.Expert review of vaccines · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
An effective human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine is expected to have the greatest impact on HIV-1 spread and remains a global scientific priority. Only one candidate vaccine has significantly reduced HIV-1 acquisition, yet at a limited efficacy of 31%, and none have delayed disease progression in vaccinated individuals. Thus, the challenge remains to develop HIV-1 immunogens that will elicit protective immunity. A combination of two independent approaches - namely the elicitation of broadly neutralising antibodies (bNAb) to prevent or reduce acquisition of infection and stimulation of effective cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses to slow disease progression in breakthrough infections (recent evidence suggests that CTLs could also block HIV-1 from establishing persistent infection) - is the current ideal. The purpose of this review is to summarise strategies and progress in the design and testing of HIV-1 immunogens to elicit bNAb and protective CTL immune responses. Recent advances in mimicking the functional native envelope trimer structure and in designing structurally-stabilised bNAb epitope forms to drive development of germline precursors to mature bNAb are highlighted. Systematic or computational approaches to T cell immunogen design aimed at covering viral diversity, increasing the breadth of immune responses and/or reducing viable viral escape are discussed. We also discuss a recent novel vaccine vector approach shown to induce extremely broad and persistent T cell responses that could clear highly pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) early after infection in the monkey model. While in vitro and animal model data are promising, Phase II and III human clinical trials are ultimately needed to determine the efficacy of immunogen design approaches.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.