Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25616031›Full record

ArticlePharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior2015

Bupropion-varenicline interactions and nicotine self-administration behavior in rats.

Brandon J Hall, Susan Slade, Corinne Wells, Jed E Rose, Edward D Levin

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Targeting GPR3 as a novel approach for nicotine cessation therapeutic development.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Methoxsalen Inhibits the Acquisition of Nicotine Self-Administration: Attenuation by Cotinine Replacement in Male Rats.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Identification ofeLife · 2020
    Article
  12. The Novel CYP2A6 Inhibitor, DLCI-1, Decreases Nicotine Self-Administration in Mice.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2020
    Article
  13. Acute and chronic interactive treatments of serotonin 5HTPharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2019
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Brandon J HallDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, USA.
Susan SladeDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, USA.
Corinne WellsDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, USA.
Jed E RoseDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, USA.
Edward D LevinDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, USA. Electronic address: edlevin@duke.edu.
Duke University Hospital · USDuke Medical Center · US

Funding

Recruitment CoreP50DA027840 · NIDA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI DAVIS, JAMES M · 2010 to 2019
$14.9M
NIDA NIH HHS DA027840NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA027840
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Varenicline and bupropion each have been shown to significantly improve cessation of tobacco addiction in humans. They act through different mechanisms and the question about the potential added efficacy with their combined used has arisen. Preclinical animal models of nicotine addiction can help with the evaluation of this combined approach and what dose combinations of varenicline and bupropion may be useful for enhancing tobacco cessation. In this study, we investigated the interacting dose-effect functions of varenicline and bupropion in a rat model of nicotine self-administration. Young adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were allowed to self-administer nicotine in 1-h sessions under an FR1 reinforcement schedule. Varenicline (0.3, 1. 3 mg/kg) and bupropion (8.33, 25, 75 mg/kg) were administered alone or together 15 min before each session. The vehicle saline was the control. Higher doses of each drug alone reduced nicotine self-administration compared to control with reductions of 62% and 75% with 3 mg/kg varenicline and 75 mg/kg bupropion respectively. Lower dose varenicline which does not by itself reduce nicotine self-administration, significantly augmented bupropion effects. The 0.3 mg/kg varenicline dose combined with the 25 and 75 mg/kg bupropion doses caused greater reductions of nicotine self-administration than either dose of bupropion given alone. However, higher dose varenicline did not have this effect. Lower dose bupropion did not augment varenicline effects. Only the high bupropion dose significantly enhanced the varenicline effect. Likewise, combining 1 mg/kg varenicline with 75 mg/kg bupropion reduced self-administration to a greater extent than either dose alone. These results demonstrate that combination therapy with varenicline and bupropion may be more beneficial than monotherapy with either drug alone.

Indexed as

AnimalsBupropionDose-Response Relationship, DrugDrug SynergismFemaleNicotineRatsSelf AdministrationVareniclineBupropionNicotineVareniclineBupropionInteractionsNicotineSelf-administrationVarenicline

Identifiers

PMID25616031
PMCPMC4331343
OpenAlexW2109505278

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.