ArticlePloS one2015
Sexual dimorphism in the expression of mitochondria-related genes in rat heart at different ages.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex Differences in Metabolite-Immune Circuits of Neuroinflammation.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
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- Mitochondria, Sex, and Cardiovascular Disease: A Complex Interplay.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Temporal and Spatial Dynamics in the Regulation of Myocardial Metabolism During the Ischemia-Reperfusion Process.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Sex and Depot Specific Adipocyte Proteome Profiling In Vivo via Intracellular Proximity Labeling.Comprehensive Physiology · 2025Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Cardiometabolic Diseases: From Development to Senescence and Therapeutic Approaches.Cells · 2025Review
- Connection Between HIV and Mitochondria in Cardiovascular Disease and Implications for Treatments.Circulation research · 2024Review
- Sex-based differences in short- and longer-term diet-induced metabolic heart disease.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024Article
- Lack of detectable sex differences in the mitochondrial function of Caenorhabditis elegans.BMC ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Synergistic effects of hormones on structural and functional maturation of cardiomyocytes and implications for heart regeneration.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Review
- Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Impact of Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Diabetes and High-Fat Diet on Postnatal Myocardial Ketone Body Metabolism in Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Sex-specific DNA methylation and associations withEpigenetics · 2022Article
- Sex as Biological Variable in Cardiac Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Responses to Acute Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Aging and short-term calorie restriction differently affect the cardiac and skeletal muscle expression of genes regulating energy substrate utilization in male rats.Biogerontology · 2022Article
- PGC-1α deficiency reveals sex-specific links between cardiac energy metabolism and EC-coupling during development of heart failure in mice.Cardiovascular research · 2022Article
- Metabolic Syndrome and β-Oxidation of Long-Chain Fatty Acids in the Brain, Heart, and Kidney Mitochondria.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Sexual dimorphism in cardiac remodeling: the molecular mechanisms ruled by sex hormones in the heart.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Review
- A framework for developing sex-specific engineered heart models.Nature reviews. Materials · 2022Review
- Cardiac cellularity is dependent upon biological sex and is regulated by gonadal hormones.Cardiovascular research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Moreover, sex and age are considered major risk factors in the development of CVDs. Mitochondria are vital for normal cardiac function, and regulation of mitochondrial structure and function may impact susceptibility to CVD. To identify potential role of mitochondria in sex-related differences in susceptibility to CVD, we analyzed the basal expression levels of mitochondria-related genes in the hearts of male and female rats. Whole genome expression profiling was performed in the hearts of young (8-week), adult (21-week), and old (78-week) male and female Fischer 344 rats and the expression of 670 unique genes related to various mitochondrial functions was analyzed. A significant (p<0.05) sexual dimorphism in expression levels of 46, 114, and 41 genes was observed in young, adult and old rats, respectively. Gene Ontology analysis revealed the influence of sex on various biological pathways related to cardiac energy metabolism at different ages. The expression of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism was significantly different between the sexes in young and adult rat hearts. Adult male rats also showed higher expression of genes associated with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex compared to females. In young and adult hearts, sexual dimorphism was not noted in genes encoding oxidative phosphorylation. In old rats, however, a majority of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation had higher expression in females compared to males. Such basal differences between the sexes in cardiac expression of genes associated with energy metabolism may indicate a likely involvement of mitochondria in susceptibility to CVDs. In addition, female rats showed lower expression levels of apoptotic genes in hearts compared to males at all ages, which may have implications for better preservation of cardiac mass in females than in males.
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