ReviewMediators of inflammation2014
Role of cytokines and Toll-like receptors in the immunopathogenesis of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Review in Mediators of inflammation, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peripheral Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine Levels in Guillain Barré Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Pooled it
- Salidroside ameliorates experimental autoimmune neuritis by dually modulating neuroinflammation and immune homeostasis via PI3K/AKT signaling.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Monocyte-plasma cell communication characterizes treatment-associated peripheral immune remodeling in Guillain-Barré syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The Neuroimmunology of Autism.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Guillain-barré syndrome (GBS) with antecedent chikungunya infection: a case report and literature review.Neurological research and practice · 2024Review
- COVID-19-associated serum and cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in post- versus para-infectious SARS-CoV-2-related Guillain-Barré syndrome.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Causal effects of systemic inflammatory proteins on Guillain-Barre Syndrome: insights from genome-wide Mendelian randomization, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, and network pharmacology.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Extensive cytokine biomarker analysis in serum of Guillain-Barré syndrome patients.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Effect of Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency on clinical severity and expression of Th1/Th2/Th17-associated cytokines in a murine model of experimental autoimmune neuritis.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2023Article
- Deciphering the Role of Schwann Cells in Inflammatory Peripheral Neuropathies Post Alphavirus Infection.Cells · 2022Article
- Nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor suppresses experimental autoimmune neuritis in mice via declining macrophages polarization to M1 type.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Article
- Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with Covid-19: A close relationship or just a coincidence? (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Review
- Bioinformatic analyses hinted at augmented T helper 17 cell differentiation and cytokine response as the central mechanism of COVID-19-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome.Cell proliferation · 2021Article
- Inhibition of TLR4 signaling protects mice from sensory and motor dysfunction in an animal model of autoimmune peripheral neuropathy.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Increased Levels of IL-34 in Acquired Immune-Mediated Neuropathies.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2021Article
- Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Neuroimmune Diseases: Therapeutic Targets and Problems.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- High Levels of Il-19 in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2020Article
- USP38 Couples Histone Ubiquitination and Methylation via KDM5B to Resolve Inflammation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2020Article
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Oral Fluids Biomarker Profile to Determine the Current and Future Status of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Zika virus infection in chemosensory cells.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disease of the peripheral nervous system, mostly triggered by an aberrant immune response to an infectious pathogen. Although several infections have been implicated in the pathogenesis of GBS, not all such infected individuals develop this disease. Moreover, infection with a single agent might also lead to different subtypes of GBS emphasizing the role of host factors in the development of GBS. The host factors regulate a broad range of inflammatory processes that are involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases including GBS. Evidences suggest that systemically and locally released cytokines and their involvement in immune-mediated demyelination and axonal damage of peripheral nerves are important in the pathogenesis of GBS. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) link innate and adaptive immunity through transcription of several proinflammatory cytokines. TLR genes may increase susceptibility to microbial infections; an attenuated immune response towards antigen and downregulation of cytokines occurs due to mutation in the gene. Herein, we discuss the crucial role of host factors such as cytokines and TLRs that activate the immune response and are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.