Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25614217›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2015

N-glycosylation of cholera toxin B subunit in Nicotiana benthamiana: impacts on host stress response, production yield and vaccine potential.

Krystal Teasley Hamorsky, J Calvin Kouokam, Jessica M Jurkiewicz, Bailey Nelson, Lauren J Moore, Adam S Husk, Hiroyuki Kajiura, Kazuhito Fujiyama, Nobuyuki Matoba

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  4. Plant-based edible vaccines: Can cholera be the case study in Africa?Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025
    Review
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  15. Review
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  17. Article
  18. Isolation and detection of a KDEL-tagged recombinant cholera toxin B subunit fromProcess biochemistry (Barking, London, England) · 2021
    Article
  19. Glycosylation of Plant-Produced Immunoglobulins.Experientia supplementum (2012) · 2021
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Krystal Teasley Hamorsky1] Owensboro Cancer Research Program of James Graham Brown Cancer Center at University of Louisville School of Medicine, Owensboro, KY, USA [2] Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
J Calvin Kouokam1] Owensboro Cancer Research Program of James Graham Brown Cancer Center at University of Louisville School of Medicine, Owensboro, KY, USA [2] Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
Jessica M JurkiewiczOwensboro Cancer Research Program of James Graham Brown Cancer Center at University of Louisville School of Medicine, Owensboro, KY, USA.
Bailey NelsonOwensboro Cancer Research Program of James Graham Brown Cancer Center at University of Louisville School of Medicine, Owensboro, KY, USA.
Lauren J MooreOwensboro Cancer Research Program of James Graham Brown Cancer Center at University of Louisville School of Medicine, Owensboro, KY, USA.
Adam S HuskOwensboro Cancer Research Program of James Graham Brown Cancer Center at University of Louisville School of Medicine, Owensboro, KY, USA.
Hiroyuki KajiuraThe International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
Kazuhito FujiyamaThe International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
Nobuyuki Matoba1] Owensboro Cancer Research Program of James Graham Brown Cancer Center at University of Louisville School of Medicine, Owensboro, KY, USA [2] Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
University of Louisville · USOsaka International University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Plant-based transient overexpression systems enable rapid and scalable production of subunit vaccines. Previously, we have shown that cholera toxin B subunit (CTB), an oral cholera vaccine antigen, is N-glycosylated upon expression in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana. Here, we found that overexpression of aglycosylated CTB by agroinfiltration of a tobamoviral vector causes massive tissue necrosis and poor accumulation unless retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, the re-introduction of N-glycosylation to its original or an alternative site significantly relieved the necrosis and provided a high CTB yield without ER retention. Quantitative gene expression analysis of PDI, BiP, bZIP60, SKP1, 26Sα proteasome and PR1a, and the detection of ubiquitinated CTB polypeptides revealed that N-glycosylation significantly relieved ER stress and hypersensitive response, and facilitated the folding/assembly of CTB. The glycosylated CTB (gCTB) was characterized for potential vaccine use. Glycan profiling revealed that gCTB contained approximately 38% plant-specific glycans. gCTB retained nanomolar affinity to GM1-ganglioside with only marginal reduction of physicochemical stability and induced an anti-cholera holotoxin antibody response comparable to native CTB in a mouse oral immunization study. These findings demonstrated gCTB's potential as an oral immunogen and point to a potential role of N-glycosylation in increasing recombinant protein yields in plants.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodies, BacterialCholera ToxinCholera VaccinesEndoplasmic ReticulumEndoplasmic Reticulum StressFemaleGene ExpressionGenetic VectorsGlycosylationG(M1) GangliosideImmunity, MucosalMicePlantsPlants, Genetically ModifiedPolysaccharidesAntibodies, BacterialCholera ToxinCholera VaccinesG(M1) GangliosidePolysaccharidesRecombinant Proteins

Identifiers

PMID25614217
PMCPMC4303877
OpenAlexW2010618766

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.