ReviewEuropean journal of neurology2015
Surgically implanted and non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation: a review of efficacy, safety and tolerability.
Review in European journal of neurology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 8 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 153 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Auricular Stimulation of the Vagus Nerve in Kidney Transplant Recipients
The Effect Of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation On Sports Performance And Physiological Parameters In Healthy Young Individuals: Randomized, Double-Blind Study
The Effect of Application of Vagus Nerve Stimulation on the Treatment Efficiency in Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Caused by Myofascial Pain Syndrome
Effects of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Basic Autonomic Nervous System Activity
Effects of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Basic Autonomic Nervous System Activity
Comparison of the Effect of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus and Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation on Heart Rate Variability
Effect of Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Postoperative Pain Management in Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Effects of Transcutaneous Vagal Nerve Stimulation on Post-Surgical Return to Consciousness, Delirium, and Depression
Who cites it
153 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 328 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Movement Disorders, from Principles to a Systematic Review of Evidence.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Pooled it
- The efficacy of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in heart failure management - a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS): a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of VNS therapy or continued medication management for treatment of adults with drug-resistant epilepsy: systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Foreign Body Reaction to Implanted Biomaterials and Its Impact in Nerve Neuroprosthetics.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation Reduces Withdrawal-Related Affective Distress and Improves Functional Outcomes in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Feasibility and Acceptability Pilot Study.Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2025Trial
- Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Myoarthropathic Symptoms Associated With Temporomandibular Disorders-A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial.Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2025Trial
- Feasibility, safety and efficacy of multi-dose vagus nerve stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomised sham-controlled proof-of-concept study.Journal of neurology · 2025Trial
- The effects of non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on resting-state delta oscillation: a randomized, double-blinded, sham-control trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Transcutaneous auricular nerve stimulation modulates the functional connectivity of the descending pain modulation system and reward network in patients with chronic low back pain.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Trial
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation enhanced working memory in older adults with age-related hearing loss.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation to treat narcolepsy type 1 (TARGET-NT1): A two-arm, randomised, sham-controlled trial.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Trial
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation modifies cortical excitability in middle-aged and older adults.Psychophysiology · 2025Trial
- Evidence of bottom-up homeostatic modulation induced taVNS during emotional and Go/No-Go tasks.Experimental brain research · 2024Trial
- Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (ta-VNS) for Treatment of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2023Trial
- Music and low-frequency vibrations for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain in elderly: A pilot study.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Quantifying acute physiological biomarkers of transcutaneous cervical vagal nerve stimulation in the context of psychological stress.Brain stimulationTrial
93 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is effective in refractory epilepsy and depression and is being investigated in heart failure, headache, gastric motility disorders and asthma. The first VNS device required surgical implantation of electrodes and a stimulator. Adverse events (AEs) are generally associated with implantation or continuous on-off stimulation. Infection is the most serious implantation-associated AE. Bradycardia and asystole have also been described during implantation, as has vocal cord paresis, which can last up to 6 months and depends on surgical skill and experience. The most frequent stimulation-associated AEs include voice alteration, paresthesia, cough, headache, dyspnea, pharyngitis and pain, which may require a decrease in stimulation strength or intermittent or permanent device deactivation. Newer non-invasive VNS delivery systems do not require surgery and permit patient-administered stimulation on demand. These non-invasive VNS systems improve the safety and tolerability of VNS, making it more accessible and facilitating further investigations across a wider range of uses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.