ArticleDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2015
Glycemic control after initiating basal insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a primary care database analysis.
Article in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia burden in patients with type 2 diabetes initiating basal insulin in Europe and the USA.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2017Pooled it
- Predicting Response to Bolus Insulin Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2023Article
- Association Between Change in A1C and Use of Professional Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes on Noninsulin Therapies: A Real-World Evidence Study.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2023Article
- Article
- Adherence and Persistence to Insulin Therapy in People with Diabetes: Impact of Connected Insulin Pen Delivery Ecosystem.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2022Review
- The Diabetes Unmet Need with Basal Insulin Evaluation (DUNE) study in type 2 diabetes: Achieving HbA1c targets with basal insulin in a real-world setting.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019Observational
- Probability of Achieving Glycemic Control with Basal Insulin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Real-World Practice in the USA.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2018Article
- Insights into optimal basal insulin titration in type 2 diabetes: Results of a quantitative survey.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2018Article
- A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Impact of Proper Insulin Injection Technique Training on Glycemic Control.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhen target glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels are not reached, basal insulin therapy should be considered in type 2 diabetes. The objective of this report was to describe the predictors of glycemic control (strict criterion: HbA1c ≤6.5%) during the first year after initiating basal insulin therapy in primary care.
methodsThe study applied a retrospective approach using a nationwide database in Germany (Disease Analyzer, IMS Health, January 2008 to December 2011, including 1,024 general and internal medicine practices). Potential predictors of glycemic control considered were age, sex, duration of diabetes, type of basal insulin, comedication with short-acting insulin, baseline HbA1c, previous oral antidiabetic drugs, diabetologist care, private health insurance, macrovascular and microvascular comorbidity, and concomitant medication. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted with glycemic control as the dependent variable.
resultsA total of 4,062 type 2 diabetes patients started basal insulin (mean age 66 years, males 53%, diabetes duration 4.8 years, mean HbA1c 8.8%), of whom 295 (7.2%) achieved an HbA1c ≤6.5% during the one-year follow-up. Factors positively associated with HbA1c ≤6.5% in logistic regression were male sex (odds ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.23-2.04), insulin glargine (reference neutral protamine Hagedorn; odds ratio 1.43, 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.88), short-acting insulin (odds ratio 1.33, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.76), and prior treatment with metformin, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, and diuretics. Lipid-lowering drugs were associated with a lower odds of reaching the glycemic target.
conclusionFew type 2 diabetes patients (7%) reached the glycemic target (HbA1c ≤6.5%) after one year of basal insulin therapy. Achievement of the glycemic target was associated with type of basal insulin, additional short-acting insulins, previous antidiabetic medication, and other comedication, eg, diuretics or lipid-lowering drugs.
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