Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25609951›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2015

Molecular photoacoustic imaging of breast cancer using an actively targeted conjugated polymer.

Ghayathri Balasundaram, Chris Jun Hui Ho, Kai Li, Wouter Driessen, U S Dinish, Chi Lok Wong, Vasilis Ntziachristos, Bin Liu, Malini Olivo

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Assessment of Breast Tumors Using Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography in a Surgical Setting.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2025
    Trial
  2. Review
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  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
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  9. Article
  10. Recent progress in photoacoustic molecular imaging.Current opinion in chemical biology · 2018
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Current and Emerging Clinical Applications of Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography (MSOT) in Oncology.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2016
    Review
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Ghayathri BalasundaramBio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), Singapore.
Chris Jun Hui HoBio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), Singapore.
Kai LiInstitute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore.
Wouter DriessenInstitute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
U S DinishBio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), Singapore.
Chi Lok WongBio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), Singapore.
Vasilis NtziachristosInstitute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
Bin LiuInstitute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore.
Malini OlivoBio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), Singapore ; School of Physics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
Singapore Bioimaging Consortium · SGInstitute of Materials Research and Engineering · SGHelmholtz Zentrum München · DEInstitute of Biological and Medical Imaging

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Conjugated polymers (CPs) are upcoming optical contrast agents in view of their unique optical properties and versatile synthetic chemistry. Biofunctionalization of these polymer-based nanoparticles enables molecular imaging of biological processes. In this work, we propose the concept of using a biofunctionalized CP for noninvasive photoacoustic (PA) molecular imaging of breast cancer. In particular, after verifying the PA activity of a CP nanoparticle (CP dots) in phantoms and the targeting efficacy of a folate-functionalized version of the same (folate-CP dots) in vitro, we systemically administered the probe into a folate receptor-positive (FR+ve) MCF-7 breast cancer xenograft model to demonstrate the possible application of folate-CP dots for imaging FR+ve breast cancers in comparison to CP dots with no folate moieties. We observed a strong PA signal at the tumor site of folate-CP dots-administered mice as early as 1 hour after administration as a result of the active targeting of the folate-CP dots to the FR+ve tumor cells but a weak PA signal at the tumor site of CP-dots-administered mice as a result of the passive accumulation of the probe by enhanced permeability and retention effect. We also observed that folate-CP dots produced ~4-fold enhancement in the PA signal in the tumor, when compared to CP dots. These observations demonstrate the great potential of this active-targeting CP to be used as a contrast agent for molecular PA diagnostic imaging in various biomedical applications.

Indexed as

Contrast MediaPolymersAnimalsBreast NeoplasmsCell Line, TumorFemaleFolic AcidHumansMiceMolecular ImagingPhotoacoustic TechniquesContrast MediaFolic AcidPolymersbreast cancerconjugated polymersmolecular imagingphotoacoustic tomography

Identifiers

PMID25609951
PMCPMC4294657
OpenAlexW1968898219

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.