Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25609657›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2015

Transmission of tularemia from a water source by transstadial maintenance in a mosquito vector.

Stina Bäckman, Jonas Näslund, Mats Forsman, Johanna Thelaus

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. First molecular detection ofVeterinary and animal science · 2025
    Article
  3. Virulence and genome analysis of three historicalFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Frontiers in microbiology · 2023
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Aptamers isolated against mosquito-borne pathogens.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2021
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Ecology ofAnnual review of entomology · 2020
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Tularemia as a waterborne disease: a review.Emerging microbes & infections · 2019
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Serological evidence ofNew microbes and new infections · 2017
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Stina BäckmanThe Swedish Defence Research Agency, FOI Division of CBRN Defence and Security SE- 901 82 Umeå, Sweden.
Jonas NäslundThe Swedish Defence Research Agency, FOI Division of CBRN Defence and Security SE- 901 82 Umeå, Sweden.
Mats ForsmanThe Swedish Defence Research Agency, FOI Division of CBRN Defence and Security SE- 901 82 Umeå, Sweden.
Johanna ThelausThe Swedish Defence Research Agency, FOI Division of CBRN Defence and Security SE- 901 82 Umeå, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mosquitoes are thought to function as mechanical vectors of Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica (F. t. holarctica) causing tularemia in humans. We investigated the clinical relevance of transstadially maintained F. t. holarctica in mosquitoes. Aedes egypti larvae exposed to a fully virulent F. t. holarctica strain for 24 hours, were allowed to develop into adults when they were individually homogenized. Approximately 24% of the homogenates tested positive for F. t. DNA in PCR. Mice injected with the mosquito homogenates acquired tularemia within 5 days. This novel finding demonstrates the possibility of transmission of bacteria by adult mosquitoes having acquired the pathogen from their aquatic larval habitats.

Indexed as

AnimalsCulicidaeEcosystemFrancisella tularensisHumansInsect VectorsLarvaMiceTularemiaWater Microbiology

Identifiers

PMID25609657
PMCPMC4302321

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.