ArticleBMC public health2015
Stage of HIV presentation at initial clinic visit following a community-based HIV testing campaign in rural Kenya.
Article in BMC public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early diagnosis of HIV/aids infection: concept analysis.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2023Pooled it
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- Advanced HIV disease and its predictors among newly diagnosed PLHIV in the Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia.PloS one · 2024Article
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- Addressing the Need for a Preexposure Prophylaxis Monitoring and Evaluation Implementation Guide: Experience From Zambia.Global health, science and practice · 2023Review
- Demand sensing and digital tracking for maternal child health (MCH) in Uganda: a pilot study for 'E+TRA health'.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2022Article
- Voluntary Counseling and Testing, Antiretroviral Therapy Access, and HIV-Related Stigma: Global Progress and Challenges.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Men's late presentation for HIV care in Eastern Uganda: The role of masculinity norms.PloS one · 2022Article
- Gender, Mental Health, and Entry Into Care with Advanced HIV Among People Living with HIV in Cameroon Under a National 'Treat All' Policy.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- The impact of "male clinics" on health-seeking behaviors of adult men in rural Kenya.PloS one · 2019Article
- Late presentation for HIV care in Southwest Ethiopia in 2003-2015: prevalence, trend, outcomes and risk factors.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- The prevalence and associated factors for delayed presentation for HIV care among tuberculosis/HIV co-infected patients in Southwest Ethiopia: a retrospective observational cohort.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2016Article
- Challenges in initiating antiretroviral therapy for all HIV-infected people regardless of CD4 cell count.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2016Article
- Factors associated with late presentation for HIV/AIDS care in Harare City, Zimbabwe, 2015.BMC public health · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Kenyan Ministry of Health and partners implemented a community-based integrated prevention campaign (IPC) in Western Kenya in 2008. The aim of this study was to determine whether the IPC, compared to Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) services, was able to identify HIV positive individuals earlier in the clinical course of HIV infection following testing.
methodsA total of 1,752 adults aged over 15 years who tested HIV positive through VCT services or the IPC, and subsequently registered at initial clinic visit between September 2008 and September 2010, were considered in the analysis. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to assess the association of CD4 count and WHO clinical stage of HIV infection at first clinic appointment with age group, gender, marital status and HIV testing source.
resultsMale gender and marital status were independently associated with late HIV presentation (WHO clinical stage 3 or 4 or CD4 count ≤ 350 cells/μl) at initial clinic visit. Patients testing HIV positive during the IPC had significantly higher mean CD4 count at initial clinic visit compared to individuals who tested HIV positive via VCT services. Patients testing HIV positive during the IPC had more than two times higher odds of presenting early with CD4 count greater than 350 cells/μl (adjusted OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.28 - 3.61, p = 0.004) and presenting early with WHO clinical stage 1 or 2 of HIV infection (adjusted OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.24 - 4.60, p = 0.01) at initial clinic visit compared to individuals who tested HIV positive via VCT services.
conclusionThe community-based integrated prevention campaign identified HIV positive individuals earlier in the course of HIV infection, compared to Voluntary Counselling and Testing services. Community-based campaigns, such as the IPC, may be able to assist countries to achieve earlier testing and initiation of ART in the course of HIV infection. Improving referral mechanisms and strengthening linkages between HIV testing and treatment services remain a challenge and electronic medical record (EMR) systems may support monitoring of patients throughout the HIV care and treatment continuum.
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