ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2015
Influence of provider and urgent care density across different socioeconomic strata on outpatient antibiotic prescribing in the USA.
Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Associations between neighbourhood-level median household income and outpatients' risk of antibiotic non-susceptible uropathogens in a major urban centre, USA.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- Analyzing the relationship between socioeconomic deprivation and outpatient Medicare Part D fluoroquinolone claim rates in Texas.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2024Article
- Health Equity and Antibiotic Prescribing in the United States: A Systematic Scoping Review.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- A scoping review and behavioural analysis of factors underlying overuse of antimicrobials.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2023Article
- Regional Variation in Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in a Commercially Insured Population, United States, 2017.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Geospatial Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in the US EPA National Rivers and Streams Assessment Survey.Environmental science & technology · 2022Article
- Examining the association between socio-demographic factors, catheter use and antibiotic prescribing in Northern Ireland primary care: a cross-sectional multilevel analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2022Article
- Primary Care Provider Density and Elective Total Joint Replacement Outcomes.Arthroplasty today · 2021Article
- Trends in the consumption of antibiotics in the Lebanese community between 2004 and 2016.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2021Observational
- The effect of generic market entry on antibiotic prescriptions in the United States.Nature communications · 2021Article
- The Effect of Insurance on Appropriate Hospital Discharge Antibiotics for Patients WithOpen forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Clinicians' experience of providing care: a rapid review.BMC health services research · 2020Review
- The Impact of Influenza Vaccination on Antibiotic Use in the United States, 2010-2017.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Challenges in Implementing Antimicrobial Stewardship Programmes at Secondary Level Hospitals in India: An Exploratory Study.Frontiers in public health · 2020Article
- Drug Utilization Pattern of Antibiotics: The Role of Age, Sex and Municipalities in Determining Variation.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2020Article
- Social, demographic, and economic correlates of food and chemical consumption measured by wastewater-based epidemiology.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Levels of outpatient prescribing for four major antibiotic classes and rates of septicemia hospitalization in adults in different US states - a statistical analysis.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing in Massachusetts, 2011-2015.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Article
- Changes in Outpatient Use of Antibiotics by Adults in the United States, 2006-2015.Drug safety · 2018Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesDespite a strong link between antibiotic use and resistance, and highly variable antibiotic consumption rates across the USA, drivers of differences in consumption rates are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to examine how provider density affects antibiotic prescribing rates across socioeconomic groups in the USA.
methodsWe aggregated data on all outpatient antibiotic prescriptions filled in retail pharmacies in the USA in 2000 and 2010 from IMS Health into 3436 geographically distinct hospital service areas and combined this with socioeconomic and structural factors that affect antibiotic prescribing from the US Census. We then used fixed-effect models to estimate the interaction between poverty and the number of physician offices per capita (i.e. physician density) and the presence of urgent care and retail clinics on antibiotic prescribing rates.
resultsWe found large geographical variation in prescribing, driven in part by the number of physician offices per capita. For an increase of one standard deviation in the number of physician offices per capita there was a 25.9% increase in prescriptions per capita. However, the determinants of the prescription rate were dependent on socioeconomic conditions. In poorer areas, clinics substitute for traditional physician offices, reducing the impact of physician density. In wealthier areas, clinics increase the effect of physician density on the prescribing rate.
conclusionsIn areas with higher poverty rates, access to providers drives the prescribing rate. However, in wealthier areas, where access is less of a problem, a higher density of providers and clinics increases the prescribing rate, potentially due to competition.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.