ArticleBMC public health2015
Prevalence and predictors of adolescents' cigarette smoking in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: a school-based cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- National, regional, and global prevalence of cigarette smoking among women/females in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review of the prevalence and risk factors of smoking among Saudi adolescents.Saudi medical journal · 2019Pooled it
- Prevalence and associated factors of adolescent tobacco use in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Findings from nationwide survey.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Prevalence of smoking among undergraduate students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A meta-analysis.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Review
- Dental Caries and Smoking Behaviors Among High School Students in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2025Article
- Tobacco use and khat chewing among adolescents in Yemen: a large-scale school-based cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Prevalence, perception, and attitude regarding electronic cigarettes usage among young adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Saudi medical journal · 2024Article
- Determinants of ever smoking and active smoking among school-aged children in Jeddah.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2023Article
- Influence of Lifestyle Changes on Cardiovascular Diseases in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Literature Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- Article
- Prevalence of tobacco smoking between 2009 and 2015 among students and the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Review
- Social Differences in Health Behaviours among Jordanian Adolescents.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2022Article
- Article
- Trend Analysis of Head and Neck Neoplasms between 2012-2018 in Patients Residing in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study.European journal of dentistry · 2021Article
- Exposure to parental and sibling smoking and future intentions to smoke among 13-15 years old school age children in Saudi Arabia.The Pan African medical journal · 2021Article
- Religious Attendance in a Secular Country Protects Adolescents from Health-Risk Behavior Only in Combination with Participation in Church Activities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Development of a Cigarette Smoking Obscenity Scale (CSOS) in adolescents: an exploratory sequential mixed method design.Health promotion perspectives · 2020Article
- Levels and factors of knowledge about the related health risks of exposure to secondhand smoke among medical students: A cross-sectional study in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Tobacco induced diseases · 2020Article
- Steps toward community health promotion: Application of transtheoretical model to predict stage transition regarding smoking.Journal of education and health promotion · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough the prevalence of adolescents' cigarette smoking has increased in recent decades, little is known regarding its epidemiology in certain Saudi regions, including the Madinah region. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of adolescent cigarette smoking in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
methodsA school-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the Madinah region during 2013. A multistage stratified cluster sample was taken and included 3400 students (11-19 years) from 34 intermediate and secondary schools. Data concerning sociodemographic and smoking-related factors were collected using a valid and reliable self-administered questionnaire. The prevalence of smoking was estimated, and appropriate statistical analyses were performed, including univariate, predictive and multivariate regression analyses.
resultsThe overall response rate was 97.7%. The prevalence of cigarette smoking in the respondents' 3322 adolescents was 15.17% (95% CI = 13.95-16.39) with significant differences in sociodemographic factors. The most important predictors were most or all friends smoking (OR = 12.5; 95% CI = 9.40-16.8). Other significant less important factors were parental smoking, belief in the harmful effects of smoking, cigarette advertisement in mass media, and pocket money.
conclusionsCigarette smoking prevalence is a relatively low among adolescents in Madinah region. However, friends and parents smoking play an important role in the increased risk of smoking in the studied adolescents. These predictors must be included in any antismoking education programs targeting to this sector of population in the region.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.