Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25604497›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurovirology2015

The anterior commissure is a pathway for contralateral spread of herpes simplex virus type 1 after olfactory tract infection.

Eva Jennische, Charlotta E Eriksson, Stefan Lange, Edward Trybala, Tomas Bergström

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Review
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  6. Article
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  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Post-COVID-19 HSV encephalitis: a review.QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians · 2022
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Neurodegenerative proteinopathies associated with neuroinfections.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2021
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Eva JennischeDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Charlotta E Eriksson
Stefan Lange
Edward Trybala
Tomas Bergström
University of Gothenburg · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), targeting the limbic system, is the most common cause of viral encephalitis in the Western world. Two pathways for viral entry to the central nervous system (CNS) in HSE have been suggested: either via the trigeminal nerve or via the olfactory tract. This question remains unsettled, and studies of viral spread between the two brain hemispheres are scarce. Here, we investigated the olfactory infection as a model of infection and tropism of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), the causative agent of HSE, in the CNS of rats. Rats were instilled with HSV-1 in the right nostril and sacrificed 1-6 days post-infection, and tissues were analysed for viral spread using immunohistochemistry and quantitative PCR (qPCR). After nasal instillation, HSV-1 infected mitral cells of the olfactory bulb (OB) on the right side only, followed by limbic encephalitis. As a novel finding, the anterior commissure (AC) conveyed a rapid transmission of virus between the right and the left OB, acting as a shortcut also between the olfactory cortices. The neuronal cell population that conveyed the viral infection via the AC was positive for the water channel protein aquaporin 9 (AQP9) by immunohistochemistry. Quantification of AQP9 in cerebrospinal fluid samples of HSE patients showed increment as compared to controls. We conclude that the olfactory route and the AC are important for the spread of HSV-1 within the olfactory/limbic system of rats and furthermore, we suggest that AQP9 is involved in viral tropism and pathogenesis of HSE.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAnimalsAnterior Commissure, BrainAquaporinsDisease Models, AnimalEncephalitis, Herpes SimplexEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleHerpesvirus 1, HumanHumansImmunohistochemistryMaleMiddle AgedNeuronsAQP9 protein, humanAqp9 protein, ratAquaporins

Identifiers

PMID25604497
OpenAlexW2013236818

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.