Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25603861›Full record

ArticleThe international journal of neuropsychopharmacology2015

Low Dopamine D2/D3 Receptor Availability is Associated with Steep Discounting of Delayed Rewards in Methamphetamine Dependence.

Michael E Ballard, Mark A Mandelkern, John R Monterosso, Eustace Hsu, Chelsea L Robertson, Kenji Ishibashi, Andy C Dean, Edythe D London

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Effect of Exercise Training on Striatal Dopamine D2/D3 Receptors in Methamphetamine Users during Behavioral Treatment.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2016
    Trial
  4. The Genoeconomics of Impulsive Intertemporal Choice: A Critical Review.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2026
    Review
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  15. Review
  16. Individual Differences in Dopamine Are Associated with Reward Discounting in Clinical Groups But Not in Healthy Adults.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2019
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Michael E BallardDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles (Drs Ballard, Ishibashi, Dean, and London); Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles (Robertson and Dr London); Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles (Dr London); Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, CA (Drs Ballard, Mandelkern, Ishibashi, and London and Robertson); Department of Physics, University of California Irvine, CA (Dr Mandelkern); Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (Dr Monterosso and Hsu).
Mark A MandelkernDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles (Drs Ballard, Ishibashi, Dean, and London); Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles (Robertson and Dr London); Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles (Dr London); Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, CA (Drs Ballard, Mandelkern, Ishibashi, and London and Robertson); Department of Physics, University of California Irvine, CA (Dr Mandelkern); Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (Dr Monterosso and Hsu).
John R MonterossoDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles (Drs Ballard, Ishibashi, Dean, and London); Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles (Robertson and Dr London); Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles (Dr London); Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, CA (Drs Ballard, Mandelkern, Ishibashi, and London and Robertson); Department of Physics, University of California Irvine, CA (Dr Mandelkern); Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (Dr Monterosso and Hsu).
Eustace HsuDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles (Drs Ballard, Ishibashi, Dean, and London); Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles (Robertson and Dr London); Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles (Dr London); Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, CA (Drs Ballard, Mandelkern, Ishibashi, and London and Robertson); Department of Physics, University of California Irvine, CA (Dr Mandelkern); Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (Dr Monterosso and Hsu).
Chelsea L RobertsonDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles (Drs Ballard, Ishibashi, Dean, and London); Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles (Robertson and Dr London); Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles (Dr London); Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, CA (Drs Ballard, Mandelkern, Ishibashi, and London and Robertson); Department of Physics, University of California Irvine, CA (Dr Mandelkern); Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (Dr Monterosso and Hsu).
Kenji IshibashiDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles (Drs Ballard, Ishibashi, Dean, and London); Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles (Robertson and Dr London); Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles (Dr London); Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, CA (Drs Ballard, Mandelkern, Ishibashi, and London and Robertson); Department of Physics, University of California Irvine, CA (Dr Mandelkern); Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (Dr Monterosso and Hsu).
Andy C DeanDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles (Drs Ballard, Ishibashi, Dean, and London); Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles (Robertson and Dr London); Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles (Dr London); Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, CA (Drs Ballard, Mandelkern, Ishibashi, and London and Robertson); Department of Physics, University of California Irvine, CA (Dr Mandelkern); Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (Dr Monterosso and Hsu).
Edythe D LondonDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles (Drs Ballard, Ishibashi, Dean, and London); Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles (Robertson and Dr London); Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles (Dr London); Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, CA (Drs Ballard, Mandelkern, Ishibashi, and London and Robertson); Department of Physics, University of California Irvine, CA (Dr Mandelkern); Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (Dr Monterosso and Hsu). elondon@mednet.ucla.edu.
VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System · USUniversity of California, Irvine · USNeurobehavioral Systems · US

Funding

ZDV &3TC NEVIRAPINE COMBINATION THERAPY IN HIV 1 INFECTED INFANTS &M01RR000865 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI WASHINGTON, ARNOLD E. · 1985 to 2011
$43.4M
UCLA Training Program in Translational Neuroscience of Drug Abuse (TNDA)T32DA024635 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI LARA A. RAY, Kate M Wassum · 2008 to 2026
$6.2M
NEUROCHEMISTRY OF MODAFINIL-MA INTERACTION IN RAT BRAINP20DA022539 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI LONDON, EDYTHE DANICK · 2006 to 2009
$2.9M
Neural Systems, Inhibitory Control, and Methamphetamine DependenceR01DA020726 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI LONDON, EDYTHE DANICK · 2005 to 2008
$2.0M
NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000865NCRR NIH HHS M0I RR00865NIDA NIH HHS P20 DA022539NIDA NIH HHS P20DA022539NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA020726NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA024635
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIndividuals with substance use disorders typically exhibit a predilection toward instant gratification with apparent disregard for the future consequences of their actions. Indirect evidence suggests that low dopamine D2-type receptor availability in the striatum contributes to the propensity of these individuals to sacrifice long-term goals for short-term gain; however, this possibility has not been tested directly. We investigated whether striatal D2/D3 receptor availability is negatively correlated with the preference for smaller, more immediate rewards over larger, delayed alternatives among research participants who met DSM-IV criteria for methamphetamine (MA) dependence.

methodsFifty-four adults (n = 27 each: MA-dependent, non-user controls) completed the Kirby Monetary Choice Questionnaire, and underwent positron emission tomography scanning with [(18)F]fallypride.

resultsMA users displayed steeper temporal discounting (p = 0.030) and lower striatal D2/D3 receptor availability (p < 0.0005) than controls. Discount rate was negatively correlated with striatal D2/D3 receptor availability, with the relationship reaching statistical significance in the combined sample (r = -0.291, p = 0.016) and among MA users alone (r = -0.342, p = 0.041), but not among controls alone (r = -0.179, p = 0.185); the slopes did not differ significantly between MA users and controls (p = 0.5).

conclusionsThese results provide the first direct evidence of a link between deficient D2/D3 receptor availability and steep temporal discounting. This finding fits with reports that low striatal D2/D3 receptor availability is associated with a higher risk of relapse among stimulant users, and may help to explain why some individuals choose to continue using drugs despite knowledge of their eventual negative consequences. Future research directions and therapeutic implications are discussed.

Indexed as

Positron-Emission TomographyRewardAdultAmphetamine-Related DisordersBenzamidesCentral Nervous System StimulantsCorpus StriatumDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersDopamineFemaleFluorine RadioisotopesHumansMaleMethamphetamineMiddle AgedReceptors, Dopamine D2BenzamidesCentral Nervous System StimulantsDopaminefallyprideFluorine RadioisotopesMethamphetamineReceptors, Dopamine D2Receptors, Dopamine D3addictiondelay discountingdopamineimpulsivitypositron emission tomography

Identifiers

PMID25603861
PMCPMC4540098
OpenAlexW2138273718

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.