ArticleAIDS (London, England)2015
Select host restriction factors are associated with HIV persistence during antiretroviral therapy.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Schlafen 5 is an intracellular immune checkpoint and controls IFN responses in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Learning from nature: HIV elite controllers as blueprints for a functional cure.Virology journal · 2025Review
- Structural and biochemical characterization of Schlafen11 N-terminal domain.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- CD8Immunity · 2023Article
- Review
- The HIV Restriction Factor Profile in the Brain Is Associated with the Clinical Status and Viral Quantities.Viruses · 2023Article
- Transcriptomic profiling implicates PAF1 in both active and repressive immune regulatory networks.BMC genomics · 2022Article
- Sex Differences in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Persistence and Reservoir Size During Aging.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Viral and Host Biomarkers of HIV Remission Post Treatment Interruption.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Review
- IFN-α blockade during ART-treated SIV infection lowers tissue vDNA, rescues immune function, and improves overall health.JCI insight · 2022Article
- HibeRNAtion: HIV-1 RNA Metabolism and Viral Latency.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Glycan-Lectin Interactions in Cancer and Viral Infections and How to Disrupt Them.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Review
- Human TRIM5α: Autophagy Connects Cell-Intrinsic HIV-1 Restriction and Innate Immune Sensor Functioning.Viruses · 2021Review
- Replicate Aptima Assay for Quantifying Residual Plasma Viremia in Individuals on Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2020Article
- Recommendations for measuring HIV reservoir size in cure-directed clinical trials.Nature medicine · 2020Review
- Competition between PAF1 and MLL1/COMPASS confers the opposing function of LEDGF/p75 in HIV latency and proviral reactivation.Science advances · 2020Article
- Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce complex host responses that contribute to differential potencies of these compounds in HIV reactivation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2019Article
- Elevated cerebrospinal fluid Galectin-9 is associated with central nervous system immune activation and poor cognitive performance in older HIV-infected individuals.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Article
- Breaking the Glyco-Code of HIV Persistence and Immunopathogenesis.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe eradication of HIV necessitates elimination of the HIV latent reservoir. Identifying host determinants governing latency and reservoir size in the setting of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an important step in developing strategies to cure HIV infection. We sought to determine the impact of cell-intrinsic immunity on the HIV latent reservoir.
designWe investigated the relevance of a comprehensive panel of established anti-HIV-1 host restriction factors to multiple established virologic and immunologic measures of viral persistence in HIV-1-infected, ART-suppressed individuals.
methodsWe measured the mRNA expression of 42 anti-HIV-1 host restriction factors, levels of cell-associated HIV-1 RNA, levels of total pol and 2-long terminal repeat (2-LTR) circle HIV-1 DNA and immunophenotypes of CD4 T cells in 72 HIV-1-infected individuals on suppressive ART (23 individuals initiated ART less than 1 year post-infection, and 49 individuals initiated ART greater than 1 year post-infection). Correlations were analysed using nonparametric tests.
resultsThe enhanced expression of a few select host restriction factors, p21, schlafen 11 and PAF1, was strongly associated with reduced CD4 T-cell associated HIV RNA during ART (P < 0.001). In addition, our data suggested that ART perturbs the regulatory relationship between CD4 T-cell activation and restriction factor expression. Lastly, cell-intrinsic immune responses were significantly enhanced in individuals who initiated ART during early versus chronic infection and may contribute to the reduced reservoir size observed in these individuals.
conclusionIntrinsic immune responses modulate HIV persistence during suppressive ART and may be manipulated to enhance the efficacy of ART and promote viral eradication through reversal of latency in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.