ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2015
The role and interaction of imprinted genes in human fetal growth.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in neonates reveals widespread differential DNA methylation associated with birthweight.Nature communications · 2019Pooled it
- Associations Between Fetal Imprinted Genes and Maternal Blood Pressure in Pregnancy.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2016Pooled it
- Comparison of Histone H3K4me3 between IVF and ICSI Technologies and between Boy and Girl Offspring.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Trial
- Association of LncRNA MEG3 polymorphisms with efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2019Trial
- Sex-Specific Associations of Famine Exposure in Early Life with Body Shape Indices Across Two Generations in China.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Nanopore sequencing identifies parent-of-origin specific age-associated methylation changes at imprinted loci in the human genome.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Placental abundances of IGF1, IGF2, IGFBP2, IGF2R, and PPARα are associated with birth weight.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Article
- Polar Overdominance Inheritance ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A rapid review of genetic association studies of parent-of-origin effects and fetal growth.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Review
- The superpowers of imprinting control regions.Genome research · 2026Review
- Environmental exposures and epigenetic alterations in common chronic diseases: insights and challenges.Environmental epigenetics · 2026Review
- Multiomics profiling of zebrafish embryonic cell line PAC2 across growth phases to assess its relevance for toxicological studies.PloS one · 2026Article
- Disentangling cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors underlying evolution.Cell genomics · 2025Article
- Gestation-Stage Related Changes in the IGF System Components in the Equine Placenta.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7: how chromosome 7-encoded imprinted genes contribute to the Silver-Russell phenotype.Clinical epigenetics · 2025Article
- Maternal-fetal conflict and the timing of birth.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2025Review
- Sex dimorphic associations of Prader-Willi imprinted gene expressions in umbilical cord with prenatal and postnatal growth in healthy infants.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2025Article
- Integrated proteomic and transcriptomic landscape of human placenta in small for gestational age infants.iScience · 2024Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of Placental DNA Methylation Changes and Fetal Birth Weight in Pigs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Identifying the genetic input for fetal growth will help to understand common, serious complications of pregnancy such as fetal growth restriction. Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic process that silences one parental allele, resulting in monoallelic expression. Imprinted genes are important in mammalian fetal growth and development. Evidence has emerged showing that genes that are paternally expressed promote fetal growth, whereas maternally expressed genes suppress growth. We have assessed whether the expression levels of key imprinted genes correlate with fetal growth parameters during pregnancy, either early in gestation, using chorionic villus samples (CVS), or in term placenta. We have found that the expression of paternally expressing insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), its receptor IGF2R, and the IGF2/IGF1R ratio in CVS tissues significantly correlate with crown-rump length and birthweight, whereas term placenta expression shows no correlation. For the maternally expressing pleckstrin homology-like domain family A, member 2 (PHLDA2), there is no correlation early in pregnancy in CVS but a highly significant negative relationship in term placenta. Analysis of the control of imprinted expression of PHLDA2 gave rise to a maternally and compounded grand-maternally controlled genetic effect with a birthweight increase of 93/155 g, respectively, when one copy of the PHLDA2 promoter variant is inherited. Expression of the growth factor receptor-bound protein 10 (GRB10) in term placenta is significantly negatively correlated with head circumference. Analysis of the paternally expressing delta-like 1 homologue (DLK1) shows that the paternal transmission of type 1 diabetes protective G allele of rs941576 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) results in significantly reduced birth weight (-132 g). In conclusion, we have found that the expression of key imprinted genes show a strong correlation with fetal growth and that for both genetic and genomics data analyses, it is important not to overlook parent-of-origin effects.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.