ArticleSpinal cord2015
Sacral anterior root stimulation improves bowel function in subjects with spinal cord injury.
Article in Spinal cord, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02978638 (Restoration of Bladder and Bowel Function Using Electrical Stimulation and Block After Spinal Cord Injury), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Restoration of Bladder and Bowel Function Using Electrical Stimulation and Block After Spinal Cord Injury
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spinal cord stimulation to manage autonomic dysfunction after spinal cord injury: a systematic review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Guideline for the management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction in spinal cord injury/disease.Spinal cord · 2022Guideline
- Guideline
- Pooled it
- Management of Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction in Adults after Spinal Cord Injury: Clinical Practice Guideline for Health Care Providers.Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitationGuideline
- Autonomic nervous system and gastrointestinal manifestations with an emphasis on gastric dysfunction.Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2026Review
- Update on the Treatment of Autonomic Disorders.Current treatment options in neurology · 2025Article
- Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury and Multiple Sclerosis-An Updated and Simplified Treatment Algorithm.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Electrical stimulation of sacral nerves and roots for control of the neurogenic bladder and bowel.Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma · 2023Article
- Effects of highly selective sympathectomy on neurogenic bowel dysfunction in spinal cord injury rats.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Effect of Different Forms of Activity-Based Recovery Training on Bladder, Bowel, and Sexual Function After Spinal Cord Injury.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2021Article
- Gastrointestinal motility disorders in neurologic disease.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Review
- Guideline for the management of pre-, intra-, and postpartum care of women with a spinal cord injury.Spinal cord · 2020Article
- Recommendations for evaluation of neurogenic bladder and bowel dysfunction after spinal cord injury and/or disease.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2020Review
- Bladder and Bowel Management in Dogs With Spinal Cord Injury.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2020Review
- [Guidelines: neurogenic bowel dysfunction in spinal cord injury (long version)].Coloproctology · 2020Review
- Gastrointestinal dysfunction after spinal cord injury.Experimental neurology · 2019Review
- Interfacing with the nervous system: a review of current bioelectric technologies.Neurosurgical review · 2019Review
- Bioelectric neuromodulation for gastrointestinal disorders: effectiveness and mechanisms.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2019Review
- Bowel Dysfunction in Spinal Cord Injury.Current gastroenterology reports · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
designCross-sectional study.
objectiveTo evaluate the long-term effect of the sacral anterior root stimulator (SARS) on neurogenic bowel dysfunction in a large, well defined spinal cord injury (SCI) cohort.
settingDepartment of Neuro-Urology, Bad Wildungen, Germany.
methodsSubjects undergone surgery at for SARS-SDAF (sacral deafferentation) between September 1986 and July 2011 (n=587) answered a questionnaire. In total, 277 SARS subjects were available for the baseline (recall) and follow-up comparison.
resultsMedian age was 49 years (range: 19-80), time from SCI to surgery was 10 years (range: 0-49) and from surgery to follow-up 13 (range: 1-25). Of the responders 73% used SARS for bowel emptying. On visual analog scale (VAS) ranging from 0-10 (best), satisfaction with SARS was 10. Baseline and follow-up comparison showed a decline in the median VAS score 0-10 (worst) for bowel symptoms from 6 (range: 4-8) to 4 (range: 2-6), P<0.0001; median neurogenic bowel dysfunction score from 17 (range: 11-2) to 11 (range: 9-15), P<0.0001; median St Marks score from 4 (range: 0-7) to 4 (range: 0-5), P=0.01; and median Cleveland constipation score from 7 (range: 6-10) to 6 (range: 4-8), P<0.0001. Use of suppositories, digital evacuation and mini enema and subjects totally dependent on assistance during defecation were significantly lower after SARS.
conclusionsThe SARS has the potential to be one of the few treatment methods targeting multiple organ dysfunctions following SCI.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.