Observational studyOphthalmology2015
Incidence and long-term outcomes of the human immunodefıciency virus neuroretinal disorder in patients with AIDS.
Observational study in Ophthalmology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00000168 (Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS (SOCA)
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Layer-by-layer macular, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and minimum rim width changes in PLWH with undetectable viral load: an OCT-based study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Article
- The integrity of psychophysical visual function in non-immunocompromised PLHIV (NIPLHIV) without retinitis on antiretroviral therapy (ART).African health sciences · 2023Article
- Increased incidence of glaucoma medication usage in middle-aged Australian males taking antiretroviral medication - a population-based study.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2020Article
- The long-term effect of human immunodeficiency virus infection on retinal microvasculature and the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer: an OCT angiography study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2020Article
- HIV and the eye.Community eye health · 2020Article
- Retinal vasculitis with Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis: a case report and review of the literature.BMC rheumatology · 2019Article
- Ophthalmologic Disease in HIV Infection: Recent Changes in Pathophysiology and Treatment.Current infectious disease reports · 2017Review
- Relationship between Human Immunodeficiency Virus Neuroretinal Disorder and Vision-Specific Quality of Life among People with AIDS.Ophthalmology · 2015Observational
- Human immunodeficiency virus ocular involvement and retinopathy: Clinical spectrum and management strategies.Taiwan journal of ophthalmologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposePatients with AIDS have an abnormality of retina/optic nerve function, manifested as decreased contrast sensitivity (in the absence of ocular opportunistic infections or media opacity), abnormalities on automated perimetry, and loss of retinal nerve fiber layer, even among those with good visual acuity, termed the "human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) neuroretinal disorder." The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence, incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of HIV neuroretinal disorder.
designProspective cohort study.
participantsA total of 1822 patients with AIDS without ocular infections or media opacities.
methodsPatients with HIV neuroretinal disorder were identified by a contrast sensitivity <1.50 log units in either eye in the absence of ocular opportunistic infections or media opacity.
main outcome measuresIncidence of HIV neuroretinal disorder, mortality, visual impairment (visual acuity ≤20/50), and blindness (≤20/200) on logarithmic visual acuity charts.
resultsSixteen percent of participants had HIV neuroretinal disorder at enrollment. The estimated cumulative incidence by 20 years after AIDS diagnosis was 51% (95% confidence interval [CI], 46-55). Human immunodeficiency virus neuroretinal disorder was more common in women and African Americans. Risk factors for HIV neuroretinal disorder included hepatitis C infection, low CD4+ T cells, and detectable HIV RNA in the blood. Patients with HIV neuroretinal disorder had a 70% excess mortality versus those without it, even after adjusting for CD4+ T cells and HIV load (hazard ratio [HR], 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.1; P < 0.0001). Patients with HIV neuroretinal disorder had increased risks of bilateral visual impairment (HR, 6.5; 95% CI, 2.6-10.6; P < 0.0001) and blindness (HR, 5.9; 95% CI, 2.8-13.7; P = 0.01) versus those without HIV neuroretinal disorder.
conclusionsHuman immunodeficiency virus neuroretinal disorder is a common finding among patients with AIDS, and it is associated with an increased mortality and an increased risk of visual impairment. Successful antiretroviral therapy decreases but does not eliminate the risk of HIV neuroretinal disorder.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.