ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2015
Where are the strongest associations between autistic traits and traits of ADHD? evidence from a community-based twin study.
Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic Review: How the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Polygenic Risk Score Adds to Our Understanding of ADHD and Associated Traits.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- The neurodevelopmental spectrum: phenotypic architecture, etiology, predictive utility, and specificity across development.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Association of cumulative early medical events and neurodevelopmental conditions through a common latent factor-A population-based twin study.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Medicaid Expansion and Medication Use Among U.S. Children with ASD or ADHD: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Analysis Comparing Before and During the COVID-19 Periods.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring Cat-Human Interaction as a Psychosocial Resource in Autism and ADHD: Risks, Engagement, and Well-Being.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Communication across autism, ADHD, and non-clinical groups: examining autistic and ADHD traits from a dimensional perspective.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Neurodevelopmental and Psychosocial Outcomes in Adolescence of Children with Early Diagnoses of ADHD, Autism, Dyscalculia and Dyslexia.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Article
- Associations between ADHD and risk of six psychiatric disorders: a Mendelian randomization study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- A longitudinal comparison of emotional, behavioral and attention problems in autistic and typically developing children.Psychological medicine · 2023Article
- Networks of Neurodevelopmental Traits, Socioenvironmental Factors, Emotional Dysregulation in Childhood, and Depressive Symptoms Across Development in Two U.K. Cohorts.The American journal of psychiatry · 2023Article
- Emotional and behavioral problems in Japanese preschool children with motor coordination difficulties: the role of autistic traits.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2022Article
- Discordant associations of educational attainment with ASD and ADHD implicate a polygenic form of pleiotropy.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Mapping the genetic and environmental aetiology of autistic traits in Sweden and the United Kingdom.JCPP advances · 2021Article
- Shared and distinct developmental pathways to ASD and ADHD phenotypes among infants at familial risk.Development and psychopathology · 2020Article
- Autism and attachment disorder symptoms in the general population: Prevalence, overlap, and burden.Developmental child welfare · 2020Article
- Characterization of Clinical Manifestations in the Co-occurring Phenotype of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Genetic and environmental contribution to the overlap between ADHD and ASD trait dimensions in young adults: a twin study.Psychological medicine · 2019Article
- Autism Spectrum Disorders and ADHD: Overlapping Phenomenology, Diagnostic Issues, and Treatment Considerations.Current psychiatry reports · 2019Review
- Children's low-level pesticide exposure and associations with autism and ADHD: a review.Pediatric research · 2019Review
- Sex-Gender Comparisons in Comorbidities of Children and Adolescents With High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) regularly co-occur. Twin studies increasingly indicate that these conditions may have overlapping genetic causes. Less is known about the degree to which specific autistic traits relate to specific behaviours characteristic of ADHD. We hence tested, using the classical twin design, whether specific dimensional autistic traits, including social difficulties, communication atypicalities and repetitive behaviours, would display differential degrees of aetiological overlap with specific traits of ADHD, including hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention. Parents of approximately 4,000 pairs of 12-year-old twins completed the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test and Conners' Parent Rating Scale. These measures were divided into subscales corresponding to different types of autistic and ADHD behaviours. Twin model fitting suggested that the degree of genetic overlap was particularly strong between communication difficulties and traits of ADHD (genetic correlations = .47-.51), while repetitive behaviours and social difficulties showed moderate (genetic correlations = .12-.33) and modest (.05-.11) genetic overlap respectively. Environmental overlap was low across all subscales (correlations = .01-.23). These patterns were also apparent at the extremes of the general population, with communication difficulties showing the highest genetic overlap with traits of ADHD. These findings indicate that molecular genetic studies seeking to uncover the shared genetic basis of ASC and ADHD would benefit from taking a symptom-specific approach. Furthermore, they could also help to explain why studies of the communication abilities of individuals with ASC and ADHD have produced overlapping findings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.