ArticleNature medicine2015
B cell follicle sanctuary permits persistent productive simian immunodeficiency virus infection in elite controllers.
Article in Nature medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 357 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
357 citing papers in PubMed, 473 citations in OpenAlex.
- Switching From a Protease Inhibitor-based Regimen to a Dolutegravir-based Regimen: A Randomized Clinical Trial to Determine the Effect on Peripheral Blood and Ileum Biopsies From Antiretroviral Therapy-suppressed Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Individuals.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Anti-α4β7 therapy targets lymphoid aggregates in the gastrointestinal tract of HIV-1-infected individuals.Science translational medicine · 2018Trial
- NK cell immunotherapy after analytic treatment interruption is associated with HIV viral control.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Phenotypic analysis of productively SIV-infected cells in blood and lymphoid tissues of rhesus macaques.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Renaissance of antiviral CD8Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- HIV controllers, lessons learnt from the lymphoid tissues.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2026Review
- Recapitulating the qualities of HIV-specific CD8 + T cells from spontaneous controllers.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2026Review
- The HIV reservoir landscape in elite controllers.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2026Review
- Persistent IFN-I signaling inhibits mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in CD8Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
- HIV Reservoirs Across Multiple Tissues: From Heterogeneous Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targeting.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Dynamics of natural and pharmacologic control of an SIV variant with an envelope trafficking defect.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- World free HIV: the novel therapeutic approaches for eliminating latent HIV infection.Virology journal · 2026Review
- Article
- Enhancing antiretroviral delivery to secondary lymph nodes by targeting CD169 + macrophages with HIV-mimicking nanoparticles.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Identification of inducible HIV reservoirs in tonsillar, intestinal and cervical tissue models of HIV latency.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Roadmap for spatial transcriptomics of HIV in tissues.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Profiling HIV1-host protein-protein interaction networks in patient-derived exosome proteins: impact on pathophysiology and innate immune pathways.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Modeling Virus-Associated Central Nervous System Disease in Non-Human Primates.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Early treatment and PD1 inhibition enhance HIV-specific functionality of follicular CD8+ T cells.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Immune Alterations and Viral Reservoir Atlas in SIV-Infected Chinese Rhesus Macaques.Infectious disease reports · 2025Review
297 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic-phase HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication is reduced by as much as 10,000-fold in elite controllers (ECs) compared with typical progressors (TPs), but sufficient viral replication persists in EC tissues to allow viral sequence evolution and induce excess immune activation. Here we show that productive SIV infection in rhesus monkey ECs, but not TPs, is markedly restricted to CD4(+) follicular helper T (TFH) cells, suggesting that these EC monkeys' highly effective SIV-specific CD8(+) T cells can effectively clear productive SIV infection from extrafollicular sites, but their relative exclusion from B cell follicles prevents their elimination of productively infected TFH cells. CD8(+) lymphocyte depletion in EC monkeys resulted in a dramatic re-distribution of productive SIV infection to non-TFH cells, with restriction of productive infection to TFH cells resuming upon CD8(+) T cell recovery. Thus, B cell follicles constitute 'sanctuaries' for persistent SIV replication in the presence of potent anti-viral CD8(+) T cell responses, potentially complicating efforts to cure HIV infection with therapeutic vaccination or T cell immunotherapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.