ArticleNeurourology and urodynamics2016
Urethral musculature and innervation in the female rat.
Article in Neurourology and urodynamics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Cerebrolysin in Promoting Axonal Regeneration and Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury: A Focus on Macrophage Activation.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2025Article
- Preclinical Female Model of Urogenital Dysfunction and Pathophysiological Changes After Pelvic Radiation Therapy.Cureus · 2024Article
- Differentiation of patient-specific void urine-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells to fibroblasts and skeletal muscle myocytes.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Neuroprotective effects of celastrol on sciatic nerve transection model in male Wistar rats.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2022Article
- Microenergy acoustic pulse therapy restores urethral wall integrity and continence in a rat model of female stress incontinence.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2022Article
- Dysfunctional voiding behavior and impaired muscle contractility in a rat model of detrusor underactivity.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2021Article
- Regenerating Urethral Striated Muscle by CRISPRi/dCas9-KRAB-Mediated Myostatin Silencing for Obesity-Associated Stress Urinary Incontinence.The CRISPR journal · 2020Article
- Article
- Development of Male External Urethral Sphincter and Tissue-Resident Stem/Progenitor Cells in Rats.Stem cells and development · 2020Article
- The effects of microenergy acoustic pulses on animal model of obesity-associated stress urinary incontinence. Part 2: In situ activation of pelvic floor and urethral striated muscle progenitor cells.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2019Article
- Microenergy acoustic pulses induced myogenesis of urethral striated muscle stem/progenitor cells.Translational andrology and urology · 2019Article
- Mechanical impact of parturition-related strains on rat pelvic striated sphincters.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2019Article
- Mapping and neuromodulation of lower urinary tract function using spinal cord stimulation in female rats.Experimental neurology · 2018Article
- Treatment of stress urinary incontinence with low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy in a vaginal balloon dilation induced rat model.Translational andrology and urology · 2018Article
- The effects of neuromodulation in a novel obese-prone rat model of detrusor underactivity.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2017Article
- Impaired contractility of the circular striated urethral sphincter muscle may contribute to stress urinary incontinence in female zucker fatty rats.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsThe urethral sphincter and urethral muscle innervation are critically involved in maintaining continence, especially in the female. However, the urethral muscle type and distribution, as well as the urethral nerves are far from being well documented. Our aim was to clearly identify the distribution of urethral striated muscle, smooth muscle, and urethral nerves.
methodsIn a cohort analysis of 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats, cross and longitudinal sections of female rat urethra were extensively investigated using morphological techniques. Urethras were harvested to the sections, in order to provide both global and detailed visions of the urethra. H&E, Masson's Trichrome, phalloidin and immunoflourence stains were used. The cytoarchitecture, nitrergic, and cholinergic innervations were mainly investigated. Different layers of the segments of urethra were traced to draw curve graphs that represent the thickness of each muscle layer of urethral wall.
resultsThe results showed that the primary peak of striated muscle is in the middle urethra. The inner layer close to mucosa was found to contain longitudinal smooth muscle. Near the bladder orifice, the circular smooth muscle dominates, which becomes thinner distally throughout the rest of urethra. In the middle urethra the vast majority of the urethral muscle are circularly oriented striated muscle cells. Typical nerve endings were present in high power images to show the different characteristic features of nerve innervation.
conclusionsThis study has illustrated the detailed morphological structure and innervations of the normal female rat urethra and can serve as a basis for further study of stress urinary incontinence (SUI).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.