ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2015
Hepatitis C virus antibody positivity and predictors among previously undiagnosed adult primary care outpatients: cross-sectional analysis of a multisite retrospective cohort study.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02123212 (Birth-Cohort Evaluation to Advance Screening and Testing for Hepatitis C), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Birth-Cohort Evaluation to Advance Screening and Testing for Hepatitis C
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bundled HIV and Hepatitis C Testing in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2018Trial
- Hepatitis C virus testing for case identification in persons born during 1945-1965: Results from three randomized controlled trials.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2018Trial
- An Electronic Health Record-based Intervention to Promote Hepatitis C Virus Testing Among Adults Born Between 1945 and 1965: A Cluster-randomized Trial.Medical care · 2017Trial
- Hepatitis C Virus Infection at the Start of Hemodialysis and During Early Follow-up: Evidence from Two Dialysis Centers.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Observational
- Liver function tests in primary care provide a key opportunity to diagnose and engage patients with hepatitis C.Epidemiology and infection · 2022Article
- An Easy-to-Implement Risk Score for Targeted Hepatitis C Virus Testing in the General Population.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Population-Based Standing Orders: a Novel Approach to Hepatitis C Screening.Journal of general internal medicine · 2021Article
- Evolving trends in the prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody positivity among HIV-infected men in a community-based primary care setting.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2020Article
- The Association of Abnormal Liver Tests with Hepatitis C Testing in Primary Care.The American journal of medicine · 2020Article
- Assessing testing rates for viral hepatitis B and C by general practitioners in Flanders, Belgium: a registry-based study.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Leveraging the electronic health record to eliminate hepatitis C: Screening in a large integrated healthcare system.PloS one · 2019Article
- Evaluation of a recombinant multiepitope antigen for diagnosis of hepatitis C virus: A lower cost alternative for antigen production.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2018Article
- Risk Factor Analysis Between Newly Screened and Established Hepatitis C in GI and Hepatology Clinics.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2017Article
- HCV management in resource-constrained countries.Hepatology international · 2017Review
- Uptake of hepatitis C screening, characteristics of patients tested, and intervention costs in the BEST-C study.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2017Article
- Twin epidemics of new and prevalent hepatitis C infections in Canada: BC Hepatitis Testers Cohort.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Article
- HIV Infection Status as a Predictor of Hepatitis C Virus RNA Testing in Primary Care.American journal of preventive medicine · 2015Article
- The cost-effectiveness, health benefits, and financial costs of new antiviral treatments for hepatitis C virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Article
- SASLT position statement on the direct-acting antiviral agents for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology AssociationReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHepatitis C virus (HCV) testing guidance issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1998 recommends HCV antibody (anti-HCV) testing for persons with specified risk factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of anti-HCV positivity among primary care outpatients and estimate the proportion of unidentified anti-HCV-positive (anti-HCV+) persons using risk-based testing.
methodsWe analyzed electronic medical record data from a 4-site retrospective study. Patients were aged ≥18 years, utilized ≥1 outpatient primary care service(s) between 2005 and 2010, and had no documented evidence of prior HCV diagnosis. Among persons tested for anti-HCV, we fit a multilevel logistic regression model to identify patient-level independent predictors of anti-HCV positivity. We estimated the proportion of unidentified anti-HCV+ persons by using multiple imputation to assign anti-HCV results to untested patients.
resultsWe observed 209 076 patients for a median of 5 months (interquartile range, 1-23 months). Among 17 464 (8.4%) patients who were tested for anti-HCV, 6.4% (n=1115) were positive. We identified history of injection drug use (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 6.3 [5.2-7.6]), 1945-1965 birth cohort (4.4 [3.8-5.1]), and elevated alanine aminotransferase levels (4.8 [4.2-5.6]) as independently associated with anti-HCV positivity. We estimated that 81.5% (n=4890/6005) of anti-HCV+ patients were unidentified using risk-based testing.
conclusionsIn these outpatient primary care settings, risk-based testing may have missed 4 of 5 newly enrolled patients who are anti-HCV+. Without knowing their status, unidentified anti-HCV+ persons cannot receive further clinical evaluation or antiviral treatment, and are unlikely to benefit from secondary prevention recommendations to limit disease progression and mortality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.