Trial reportPM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation2015
Strategy Training During Inpatient Rehabilitation May Prevent Apathy Symptoms After Acute Stroke.
Trial report in PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment of apathy in stroke patients: a systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Motivation as a Measurable Outcome in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review of the Literature.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Occupational therapy for cognitive impairment in stroke patients.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Setting priorities for ageing research in Africa: A systematic mapping review of 512 studies from sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of global health · 2021Pooled it
- Process Evaluation of a Randomized Controlled Trial of an Enhanced Rehabilitation Transition Program for Stroke Survivors.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2026Trial
- Lesion location may attenuate response to strategy training in acute stroke.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2022Trial
- Neurorehabilitation needs a qualitative perspective: a case exemplar from stroke recovery and rehabilitation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Barriers and Facilitators in Secondary Stroke Prevention Among Older Adults: An International Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Apathy in subarachnoid hemorrhage: study protocol for a 1-year follow-up study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- The neural correlates of apathy in the context of aging and brain disorders: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Review
- Cerebral small vessel disease: Recent advances and future directions.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2023Review
- Non-pharmacological intervention effects on apathy caused by central nervous system organic diseases: A network meta-analysis.Medicine · 2022Article
- Apathy after stroke: Diagnosis, mechanisms, consequences, and treatment.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2021Review
- Article
- Post-Intensive Care Unit Care. A Qualitative Analysis of Patient Priorities and Implications for Redesign.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2020Article
- The Application of Lexical Retrieval Training in Tablet-Based Speech-Language Intervention.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
- Preventing disability in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A Strategy Training intervention study.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2019Article
- Developing a Non-Pharmacological Intervention for Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundApathy, or lack of motivation for goal-directed activities, contributes to reduced engagement in and benefit from rehabilitation, impeding recovery from stroke.
objectiveTo examine the effects of strategy training, a behavioral intervention used to augment usual inpatient rehabilitation, on apathy symptoms over the first 6 months after stroke.
designSecondary analysis of randomized controlled trial.
settingAcute inpatient rehabilitation.
participantsParticipants with acute stroke who exhibited cognitive impairments (Quick Executive Interview Scores ≥3) and were admitted for inpatient rehabilitation were randomized to receive strategy training (n = 15, 1 session per day, 5 days per week, in addition to usual inpatient rehabilitation) or reflective listening (n = 15, same dose).
methodsStrategy training sessions focused on participant-selected goals and participant-derived strategies to address these goals, using a global strategy training method (Goal-Plan-Do-Check). Reflective listening sessions focused on participant reflections on their rehabilitation goals and experiences, facilitated by open-ended questions and active listening skills (attending, following, and responding).
main outcome measuresTrained raters blinded to group assignment administered the Apathy Evaluation Scale at study admission, 3 months, and 6 months. Data were analyzed with repeated-measures fixed-effects models.
resultsParticipants in both groups had similar subsyndromal levels of apathy symptoms at study admission (strategy training, mean = 25.79, standard deviation = 7.62; reflective listening, mean = 25.18, standard deviation = 4.40). A significant group × time interaction (F2,28 = 3.61, P = .040) indicated that changes in apathy symptom levels differed between groups over time. The magnitude of group differences in change scores was large (d = -0.99, t28 = -2.64, P = .013) at month 3 and moderate to large (d = -0.70, t28 = -1.86, P = .073) at month 6.
conclusionStrategy training shows promise as an adjunct to usual rehabilitation for maintaining low levels of poststroke apathy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.