ReviewVirologica Sinica2015
Bacteriophage secondary infection.
Review in Virologica Sinica, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- In Planta Application and Efficacy of FireFighter-A Phage Cocktail for Combating Fire Blight.The plant pathology journal · 2025Article
- The Biology of Nucleus-Forming Jumbo Phages.Annual review of genetics · 2025Review
- In Vitro Interactions Between Bacteriophages and Antibacterial Agents of Various Classes Against Multidrug-Resistant Metallo-β-Lactamase-ProducingPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Bacteriophage titering by optical density means: KOTE assays.Open life sciences · 2025Review
- Standardization of the Agar Plate Method for Bacteriophage Production.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Temporal Order of Mixed Viral Infections Matters: Common Events That Are Neglected in Plant Viral Diseases.Viruses · 2024Review
- Genome analysis of triple phages that curtails MDR E. coli with ML based host receptor prediction and its evaluation.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Complete genome analysis ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Further Considerations on How to Improve Phage Therapy Experimentation, Practice, and Reporting: Pharmacodynamics Perspectives.PHAGE (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2022Review
- Population Dynamics of a Two Phages-One Host Infection System UsingPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Systematic analysis of putative phage-phage interactions on minimum-sized phage cocktails.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Dormant phages communicate via arbitrium to control exit from lysogeny.Nature microbiology · 2022Article
- Timescales modulate optimal lysis-lysogeny decision switches and near-term phage reproduction.Virus evolution · 2022Article
- Article
- Improving Phage-Biofilm In Vitro Experimentation.Viruses · 2021Article
- Modification of Bacteriophages to Increase Their Association with Lung Epithelium Cells In Vitro.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Analysis of Selection Methods to Develop Novel Phage Therapy Cocktails Against Antimicrobial Resistant Clinical Isolates of Bacteria.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- When to be temperate: on the fitness benefits of lysis vs. lysogeny.Virus evolution · 2020Article
- Social Bacteriophages.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Genomic, Morphological and Functional Characterization of Virulent Bacteriophage IME-JL8 TargetingFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phages are credited with having been first described in what we now, officially, are commemorating as the 100(th) anniversary of their discovery. Those one-hundred years of phage history have not been lacking in excitement, controversy, and occasional convolution. One such complication is the concept of secondary infection, which can take on multiple forms with myriad consequences. The terms secondary infection and secondary adsorption, for example, can be used almost synonymously to describe virion interaction with already phage-infected bacteria, and which can result in what are described as superinfection exclusion or superinfection immunity. The phrase secondary infection also may be used equivalently to superinfection or coinfection, with each of these terms borrowed from medical microbiology, and can result in genetic exchange between phages, phage-on-phage parasitism, and various partial reductions in phage productivity that have been termed mutual exclusion, partial exclusion, or the depressor effect. Alternatively, and drawing from epidemiology, secondary infection has been used to describe phage population growth as that can occur during active phage therapy as well as upon phage contamination of industrial ferments. Here primary infections represent initial bacterial population exposure to phages while consequent phage replication can lead to additional, that is, secondary infections of what otherwise are not yet phage-infected bacteria. Here I explore the varying meanings and resultant ambiguity that has been associated with the term secondary infection. I suggest in particular that secondary infection, as distinctly different phenomena, can in multiple ways influence the success of phage-mediated biocontrol of bacteria, also known as, phage therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.