Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25593968›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in surgery2014

BMP4 and LGL1 are Down Regulated in an Ovine Model of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.

Heather M A Emmerton-Coughlin, K Kathryn Martin, Jacky S S Chiu, Lin Zhao, Leslie A Scott, Timothy R H Regnault, Andreana Bütter

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in surgery, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 36% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Heather M A Emmerton-CoughlinDivision of General Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, The University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada.
K Kathryn MartinDivision of General Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, The University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada.
Jacky S S ChiuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, London Health Sciences Centre, The University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada.
Lin ZhaoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, London Health Sciences Centre, The University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada.
Leslie A ScottDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, The University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada.
Timothy R H RegnaultDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, London Health Sciences Centre, The University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada ; Children's Health Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada ; Lawson Health Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada.
Andreana BütterDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, The University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada ; Lawson Health Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario , London, ON , Canada.
Western University · CAChildren's Hospital of Western Ontario · CALondon Health Sciences Centre · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

background/purposeThe molecular pathophysiology of lung hypoplasia in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) remains poorly understood. The Wnt signaling pathway and downstream targets, such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) 4 and other factors such as late gestation lung protein 1 (LGL1), are essential to normal lung development. Nitrofen-induced hypoplastic CDH rodent lungs demonstrate down regulation of the Wnt pathway including BMP4 and reduced LGL1 expression. The aim of the current study was to examine the molecular pathophysiology associated with a surgically induced CDH in an ovine model.

methodsLeft thoracotomy was performed at 80 days in 14 fetal sheep; CDH was created in seven experimental animals. Lungs were harvested at 136 days (term = 145 days). Lung weight (LW) and mean terminal bronchiole density (MTBD) were measured to determine the degree of pulmonary hypoplasia. Quantitative real time PCR was undertaken to analyze Wnt2, Wnt7b, BMP4, and LGL1 mRNA expression.

resultsTotal LW was decreased while MTBD was increased in the CDH group (p < 0.05), confirming pulmonary hypoplasia. BMP4 and LGL1 mRNA was significantly reduced in CDH lungs (p < 0.05). Wnt2 mRNA was decreased, although not significantly (p < 0.06).

conclusionFor the first time, down regulation of BMP4 and LGL1 are reported in an ovine CDH model. In contrast to other animal models, these changes are persistent to near term. These findings suggest that mechanical compression from herniated viscera may play a more important role in causing pulmonary hypoplasia in CDH, rather than a primary defect in lung organogenesis.

Indexed as

BMP4congenital diaphragmatic herniaLGL1pulmonary hypoplasiasheepWnt

Identifiers

PMID25593968
PMCPMC4286986
OpenAlexW2104354340

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.