ReviewFrontiers in surgery2014
Biology of infantile hemangioma.
Review in Frontiers in surgery, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of Combined Topical Timolol and Oral Propranolol for Treating Infantile Hemangioma: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Maternal propranolol as a safe alternative to invasive fetal surgery in chorioangioma management.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2026Article
- PHACE syndrome: looking backward and forward.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Review
- Diffuse infantile hepatic haemangioma and consumptive hypothyroidism: a clinical case with anaemia that raises suspicion.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Consumptive hypothyroidism complicating infantile hepatic hemangioma successfully treated with propranolol: a case report and literature review.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Review
- Transdermal delivery of timolol maleate using hydrogel microneedles for the treatment of infantile haemangiomas.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Nanotechnology in Infantile Hemangioma Management.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2025Article
- The Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Management of Infantile Hemangiomas-A Comprehensive Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Factors influencing treatment duration of oral propranolol in infantile hemangioma: a five-year retrospective analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Malignant and Benign Head and Neck Tumors of the Pediatric Age: A Narrative Review.Current pediatric reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Infantile hemangioma: the common and enigmatic vascular tumor.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Review
- Urgent Treatment of Complicated Ulcerated Infantile Hemangioma with β-Blockers via Telemedicine: A Case Report.Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association · 2024Article
- Pediatric Hemangiomas in the Female Genital Tract: A Literature Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Comparison of efficacy and safety between oral propranolol combined with and without intralesional injection of lauromacrogol for infantile hemangioma.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- KIAA1429 promotes infantile hemangioma regression by facilitating the stemness of hemangioma endothelial cells.Cancer science · 2023Article
- Expression of TGFBI in infantile hemangioma tissues and its effect on the biological characteristics of hemangioma endothelial cells.Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology · 2023Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis in Pediatric Airways Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Infantile hemangioma (IH), the most common tumor of infancy, is characterized by an initial proliferation during infancy followed by spontaneous involution over the next 5-10 years, often leaving a fibro-fatty residuum. IH is traditionally considered a tumor of the microvasculature. However, recent data show the critical role of stem cells in the biology of IH with emerging evidence suggesting an embryonic developmental anomaly due to aberrant proliferation and differentiation of a hemogenic endothelium with a neural crest phenotype that possesses the capacity for endothelial, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, and neuronal differentiation. Current evidence suggests a putative placental chorionic mesenchymal core cell embolic origin of IH during the first trimester. This review outlines the emerging role of stem cells and their interplay with the cytokine niche that promotes a post-natal environment conducive for vasculogenesis involving VEGFR-2 and its ligand VEGF-A and the IGF-2 ligand in promoting cellular proliferation, and the TRAIL-OPG anti-apoptotic pathway in preventing cellular apoptosis in IH. The discovery of the role of the renin-angiotensin system in the biology of IH provides a plausible explanation for the programed biologic behavior and the β-blocker-induced accelerated involution of this enigmatic condition. This crucially involves the vasoactive peptide, angiotensin II, that promotes cellular proliferation in IH predominantly via its action on the ATIIR2 isoform. The role of the RAS in the biology of IH is further supported by the effect of captopril, an ACE inhibitor, in inducing accelerated involution of IH. The discovery of the critical role of RAS in IH represents a novel and fascinating paradigm shift in the understanding of human development, IH, and other tumors in general.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.