ArticleJournal of visualized experiments : JoVE2014
The neuromuscular junction: measuring synapse size, fragmentation and changes in synaptic protein density using confocal fluorescence microscopy.
Article in Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Modulation of the miR-485-3p/PGC-1α Pathway by ASO-Loaded Nanoparticles Attenuates ALS Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Human TDP-43 overexpression in zebrafish motor neurons triggers MND-like phenotypes through gain-of-function mechanism.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Reemergence of pathogenic, autoantibody-producing B cell clones in myasthenia gravis following B cell depletion therapy.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2022Article
- Skeletal muscle sympathetic denervation disrupts the neuromuscular junction postterminal organization: A single-cell quantitative approach.Molecular and cellular neurosciences · 2022Article
- Discovering fiber type architecture over the entire muscle using data-driven analysis.Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology · 2021Article
- Secondary denervation is a chronic pathophysiologic sequela of volumetric muscle loss.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2021Article
- Muscle weakness caused by cancer and chemotherapy is associated with loss of motor unit connectivity.American journal of cancer research · 2021Article
- Article
- α-Calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits autophagy and calpain systems and maintains the stability of neuromuscular junction in denervated muscles.Molecular metabolism · 2019Article
- Salbutamol modifies the neuromuscular junction in a mouse model of ColQ myasthenic syndrome.Human molecular genetics · 2019Article
- Characterization of pathogenic monoclonal autoantibodies derived from muscle-specific kinase myasthenia gravis patients.JCI insight · 2019Article
- Effect of Motor versus Sensory Nerve Autografts on Regeneration and Functional Outcomes of Rat Facial Nerve Reconstruction.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Determination of a Critical Size Threshold for Volumetric Muscle Loss in the Mouse Quadriceps.Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods · 2019Article
- Decreased signalling of EphA4 improves functional performance and motor neuron survival in the SOD1Scientific reports · 2018Article
- An Invasive Method for the Activation of the Mouse Dentate Gyrus by High-frequency Stimulation.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2018Article
- Optogenetic approach for targeted activation of global calcium transients in differentiated C2C12 myotubes.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Hinge-deleted IgG4 blocker therapy for acetylcholine receptor myasthenia gravis in rhesus monkeys.Scientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is the large, cholinergic relay synapse through which mammalian motor neurons control voluntary muscle contraction. Structural changes at the NMJ can result in neurotransmission failure, resulting in weakness, atrophy and even death of the muscle fiber. Many studies have investigated how genetic modifications or disease can alter the structure of the mouse NMJ. Unfortunately, it can be difficult to directly compare findings from these studies because they often employed different parameters and analytical methods. Three protocols are described here. The first uses maximum intensity projection confocal images to measure the area of acetylcholine receptor (AChR)-rich postsynaptic membrane domains at the endplate and the area of synaptic vesicle staining in the overlying presynaptic nerve terminal. The second protocol compares the relative intensities of immunostaining for synaptic proteins in the postsynaptic membrane. The third protocol uses Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) to detect changes in the packing of postsynaptic AChRs at the endplate. The protocols have been developed and refined over a series of studies. Factors that influence the quality and consistency of results are discussed and normative data are provided for NMJs in healthy young adult mice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.