Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25590020›Full record

ReviewMicrobiology spectrum2014

Overview and Historical Perspectives.

James B Kaper, Alison D O'Brien

Open access · greenAbstract readHistorical ArticleReview
In one paragraph

Review in Microbiology spectrum, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Genomic Markers Distinguishing Shiga Toxin-ProducingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  4. Urinary tract infections and catheter-associated urinary tract infections caused byMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Toxins · 2021
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Interactions of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli with leafy green vegetables.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2020
    Article
  17. Treatment Strategies for Infections With Shiga Toxin-ProducingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020
    Review
  18. Recent Updates on Outbreaks of Shiga Toxin-ProducingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

James B KaperDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21122.
Alison D O'BrienDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814.
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences · USUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

Molecular Genetics of Enteropathogenic E. Coli AdhesionR37AI021657 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI KAPER, JAMES B · 2004 to 2013
$4.8M
Pathogenicity of Shiga Toxin Producing E.coliR37AI020148 · NIAID · HENRY M. JACKSON FDN FOR THE ADV MIL/MED · PI O'BRIEN, ALISON DAVIS · 2008 to 2016
$3.8M
NOVEL E. COLI 0157:H7 INTESTINAL COLONIZATION FACTORSR01DK058957 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI KAPER, JAMES B · 2000 to 2009
$3.1M
NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI020148NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI021657NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI21657NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK058957NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK58957
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this overview, we describe the history of Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in two phases. In phase one, between 1977 and 2011, we learned that E. coli could produce Shiga toxin and cause both hemorrhagic colitis and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome in humans and that the prototype STEC-E. coli O157:H7-adheres to and effaces intestinal epithelial cells by a mechanism similar to that of enteropathogenic E. coli. We also recognized that the genes for Stx are typically encoded on a lysogenic phage; that STEC O157:H7 harbors a large pathogenicity island that encodes the elements needed for the characteristic attaching and effacing lesion; and that the most severe cases of human disease are linked to production of Stx type 2a, not Stx type 1a. Phase two began with a large food-borne outbreak of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome in Germany in 2011. That outbreak was caused by a novel strain consisting of enteroaggregative E. coli O104:H4 transduced by a Stx2a-converting phage. From this outbreak we learned that any E. coli strain that can adhere tightly to the human bowel (either by a biofilm-like mechanism as in E. coli O104:H4 or by an attaching and effacing mechanism as in E. coli O157:H7) can cause severe diarrheal and systemic illness when it acquires the capacity to produce Stx2a. This overview provides the basis for the review of current information regarding these fascinating and complex pathogens.

Indexed as

DiarrheaEscherichia coli InfectionsFoodborne DiseasesGlobal HealthHemolytic-Uremic SyndromeHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyHumansShiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coliShiga ToxinsShiga Toxins

Identifiers

PMID25590020
PMCPMC4290666
OpenAlexW1505713822

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.