ReviewComprehensive Physiology2015
Neural control of the lower urinary tract.
Review in Comprehensive Physiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 330 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Transcutaneos Medial Plantar Nerve and Tibial Nerve Stimulation in Women With Idiopathic Overactive Bladder: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Transcutaneous Medial Plantar Nerve Stimulation in Women With Idiopathic Overactive Bladder: A Prospective Randomized Double-blind Placebo Controlled Trial
Who cites it
330 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 553 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a scoping review.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Physical and Rehabilitation Therapy for Overactive Bladder in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of clinical practice · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of Acupuncture for Mixed Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Buccal Acupuncture for Early Postoperative Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort Following Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial.Journal of pain research · 2026Trial
- Transcutaneous medial plantar nerve stimulation in women with idiopathic overactive bladder.Investigative and clinical urology · 2023Trial
- Effect of single doses of citalopram and reboxetine on urethral pressure: A randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled three-period crossover study in healthy women.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2022Trial
- Losing trust in body sensations: Interoceptive awareness and depression symptom severity among primary care patients.Journal of affective disorders · 2021Trial
- Engineering functional vasculatures to reconstruct sympathetic-parasympathetic circuits for bladder function after spinal cord injury.Bioactive materials · 2027Article
- Protocol for a prospective, single-arm pilot trial assessing the clinical and supraspinal neural effects of non-invasive transcranial neuromodulation in adults with overactive bladder.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- Review
- Toward a biologically grounded understanding of autonomic function in developmental science.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2026Review
- Article
- Differential Effects of Antidepressants on Hypothalamic Serotonin Levels in Rats: An In Vivo Microdialysis Study.International neurourology journal · 2026Article
- Serotonergic Transmission in the Hippocampus Is Subject to Multifaceted Modulation by Other Neurotransmitters.International neurourology journal · 2026Article
- Impact of Electrical Spinal Cord Stimulation on Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction in Mice With Spinal Cord Injury.International neurourology journal · 2026Article
- Sacral Neuromodulation in the Management of Refractory Pediatric Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2026Article
- Effects of Oxytocin on Rats With Stress-Induced Increased Urinary Frequency.International neurourology journal · 2026Article
- Urgency warning time and urgency frequency represent distinct dimensions of urinary urgency: a nationwide study from the Japan Community Health Survey 2023.World journal of urology · 2026Article
- A Pilot Feasibility Trial of Multi-Program Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation for Bladder Function Recovery in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
270 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This article summarizes anatomical, neurophysiological, pharmacological, and brain imaging studies in humans and animals that have provided insights into the neural circuitry and neurotransmitter mechanisms controlling the lower urinary tract. The functions of the lower urinary tract to store and periodically eliminate urine are regulated by a complex neural control system in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral autonomic ganglia that coordinates the activity of smooth and striated muscles of the bladder and urethral outlet. The neural control of micturition is organized as a hierarchical system in which spinal storage mechanisms are in turn regulated by circuitry in the rostral brain stem that initiates reflex voiding. Input from the forebrain triggers voluntary voiding by modulating the brain stem circuitry. Many neural circuits controlling the lower urinary tract exhibit switch-like patterns of activity that turn on and off in an all-or-none manner. The major component of the micturition switching circuit is a spinobulbospinal parasympathetic reflex pathway that has essential connections in the periaqueductal gray and pontine micturition center. A computer model of this circuit that mimics the switching functions of the bladder and urethra at the onset of micturition is described. Micturition occurs involuntarily in infants and young children until the age of 3 to 5 years, after which it is regulated voluntarily. Diseases or injuries of the nervous system in adults can cause the re-emergence of involuntary micturition, leading to urinary incontinence. Neuroplasticity underlying these developmental and pathological changes in voiding function is discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.