ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2015
HIV infection, cardiovascular disease risk factor profile, and risk for acute myocardial infarction.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 129 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
129 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 211 citations in OpenAlex.
- Higher cardiovascular disease risks in people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2024Pooled it
- Characterizing blood pressure trajectories in people living with HIV following antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review.HIV medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Examining Depression as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in People with HIV: A Systematic Review.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Factors Associated With Excess Myocardial Infarction Risk in HIV-Infected Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Pooled it
- Overweight and Obesity Among Adult HIV Infected Peoples Receiving ART in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of primary care & community healthPooled it
- An integrated HIV and chronic disease intervention to reduce HIV infection risk among older men who have sex with men in China: a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Alcohol and dietary factors associate with gut integrity and inflammation in HIV-infected adults.HIV medicine · 2017Trial
- Baseline Vitamin D Deficiency Decreases the Effectiveness of Statins in HIV-Infected Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Trial
- Changes in oxidized lipids drive the improvement in monocyte activation and vascular disease after statin therapy in HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Trial
- Trends and Causes of Hospitalization Among People With HIV in Korea: A 20-Year Observational Study.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Observational
- Physician Education and Peer Comparisons to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk Among People Living with HIV: A Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Major adverse cardiovascular events, morbidity, and mortality, among people living with and without HIV in two northern Uganda hospitals.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- A comparative study of cardiovascular diseases risk profile among HIV-positive individuals on antiretroviral therapy and HIV-negative controls in a secondary healthcare setting in southwest Nigeria.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Antiviral Drugs in HIV and Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Lipoprotein(a) is associated with coronary inflammation in people with HIV and undetectable HIV RNA.European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice · 2026Article
- Article
- Cardiac MRI in Identifying Myopericarditis Mimicking STEMI in a Patient with HIV: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Enhancing holistic patient care of black individuals diagnosed with HIV and comorbid chronic conditions.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of Coronary Atherosclerosis Among People Living With HIV in Uganda : A Cross-Sectional Study.Annals of internal medicine · 2025Article
69 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 13 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTraditional cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRFs) increase the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among HIV-infected (HIV+) participants. We assessed the association between HIV and incident AMI within CVDRF strata.
methodsCohort-81,322 participants (33% HIV+) without prevalent CVD from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study Virtual Cohort (prospective study of HIV+ and matched HIV- veterans) participated in this study. Veterans were followed from first clinical encounter on/after April 1, 2003, until AMI/death/last follow-up date (December 31, 2009). Predictors-HIV, CVDRFs (total cholesterol, cholesterol-lowering agents, blood pressure, blood pressure medication, smoking, diabetes) used to create 6 mutually exclusive profiles: all CVDRFs optimal, 1+ nonoptimal CVDRFs, 1+ elevated CVDRFs, and 1, 2, 3+ major CVDRFs. Outcome-Incident AMI [defined using enzyme, electrocardiogram (EKG) clinical data, 410 inpatient ICD-9 (Medicare), and/or death certificates]. Statistics-Cox models adjusted for demographics, comorbidity, and substance use.
resultsOf note, 858 AMIs (42% HIV+) occurred over 5.9 years (median). Prevalence of optimal cardiac health was <2%. Optimal CVDRF profile was associated with the lowest adjusted AMI rates. Compared with HIV- veterans, AMI rates among HIV+ veterans with similar CVDRF profiles were higher. Compared with HIV- veterans without major CVDRFs, HIV+ veterans without major CVDRFs had a 2-fold increased risk of AMI (HR: 2.0; 95% confidence interval: 1.0 to 3.9; P = 0.044).
conclusionsThe prevalence of optimal cardiac health is low in this cohort. Among those without major CVDRFs, HIV+ veterans have twice the AMI risk. Compared with HIV- veterans with high CVDRF burden, AMI rates were still higher in HIV+ veterans. Preventing/reducing CVDRF burden may reduce excess AMI risk among HIV+ people.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.