Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25586644›Full record

ArticleInternational wound journal2016

Ozonated saline shows activity against planktonic and biofilm growing Staphylococcus aureus in vitro: a potential irrigant for infected wounds.

Hayder Al-Saadi, Inga Potapova, Edward Tj Rochford, Thomas F Moriarty, Peter Messmer

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International wound journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. SIOOTAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Detection of chlorite, chlorate and perchlorate in ozonated saline.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hayder Al-SaadiAO Research Institute Davos, AO Foundation, Davos Platz, Switzerland.
Inga PotapovaAO Research Institute Davos, AO Foundation, Davos Platz, Switzerland.
Edward Tj RochfordAO Research Institute Davos, AO Foundation, Davos Platz, Switzerland.
Thomas F MoriartyAO Research Institute Davos, AO Foundation, Davos Platz, Switzerland. fintan.moriarty@aofoundation.org.
Peter MessmerTraumatologie Klinik St. Anna, Luzern, Switzerland.
AO Foundation · CHHirslanden Klinik St. Anna · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infections associated with deep wounds require extensive surgical and medical care. New adjunctive treatments are required to aid in the eradication of the bacterial biofilms found on infected wounds and, in particular, any underlying hardware. Ozone has been used as a safe and efficient disinfectant in water treatment plants for many years. The purpose of this study is to investigate the anti-biofilm potential of ozonated saline against biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus, a microorganism commonly implicated in wound infections. A custom-made bacterial biofilm bioreactor was used to grow S. aureus biofilms on discs of medical grade titanium alloy. An ozone generator was connected in-line and biofilms and planktonic bacteria were exposed to ozone in saline. Cytotoxicity was assessed against primary ovine osteoblasts in the same system. In tests against planktonic S. aureus, a 99% reduction in bacterial numbers was detected within 15 minutes of exposure. S. aureus biofilms were significantly more resistant to ozone, although complete eradication of the biofilm was eventually achieved within 5 hours. Ozonated saline was not found to be cytotoxic to primary ovine osteoblasts. Ozonated saline may be suitable as an adjuvant therapy to treat patients as an instillation fluid for wound irrigation and sterilisation.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiofilmsOsteoblastsOxidants, PhotochemicalOzonePlanktonSheepSodium ChlorideStaphylococcus aureusTherapeutic IrrigationOxidants, PhotochemicalOzoneSodium ChlorideBiofilmInfectionInstillation

Identifiers

PMID25586644
PMCPMC7949614
OpenAlexW1505230665

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.