Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25585131›Full record

ArticlePloS one2015

The association between individual income and aggressive end-of-life treatment in older cancer decedents in Taiwan.

Chih-Yuan Huang, Yeh-Ting Hung, Chun-Ming Chang, Shiun-Yang Juang, Ching-Chih Lee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Chih-Yuan HuangDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No.2, Ming-Sheng Road, Dalin Town, Chiayi, 622, Taiwan (ROC).
Yeh-Ting HungDepartment of Pediatrics, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No.2, Ming-Sheng Road, Dalin Town, Chiayi, 622, Taiwan (ROC).
Chun-Ming ChangDepartment of Surgery, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No.2, Ming-Sheng Road, Dalin Town, Chiayi, 622, Taiwan (ROC).
Shiun-Yang JuangDepartment of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No.2, Ming-Sheng Road, Dalin Town, Chiayi, 622, Taiwan (ROC).
Ching-Chih LeeSchool of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No.2, Ming-Sheng Road, Dalin Town, Chiayi, 622, Taiwan (ROC).

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo examine the association of individual income and end of life (EOL) care in older cancer decedents in Taiwan.

designRetrospective cohort study.

settingNational Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan.

participants28,978 decedents >65 years were diagnosed with cancer and died during 2009-2011 in Taiwan. Of these decedents, 10941, 16535, and 1502 were categorized by individual income as having low, moderate, and high SES, respectively.

main outcome measuresIndicators of aggressiveness of EOL care: chemotherapy use before EOL, more than one emergency department (ER) visit, more than one hospital admission, hospital length of stay >14 days, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and dying in a hospital.

resultsLow individual income was associated with more aggressive EOL treatment (estimate -0.30 for moderate income, -0.27 for high income, both p<0.01). The major source of aggressiveness was the tendency for older decedents with low income to die in the acute care hospital. The indicators had an increasing trend from 2009 to 2011, except for hospital stay >14 days.

conclusionsLow individual income is associated with more aggressive EOL treatment in older cancer decedents. Public health providers should make available appropriate education and hospice resources to these decedents and their families, to reduce the amount of aggressive terminal care such decedents receive.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overChoice BehaviorDatabases, FactualEmergency Service, HospitalFemaleHospice CareHospitalizationHumansIncomeIntensive Care UnitsLength of StayMaleNeoplasmsRetrospective StudiesTaiwan

Identifiers

PMID25585131
PMCPMC4293148

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.