Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25584419›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2015

The effect of smoke-free air law in bars on smoking initiation and relapse among teenagers and young adults.

Ce Shang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Observational
  11. Article
  12. Smoking and Tobacco-Free Policies in Women's Residential Substance Use Disorder Treatment Facilities: A Community-Engaged Approach.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2018
    Article
  13. Basic Science and Public Policy: Informed Regulation for Nicotine and Tobacco Products.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2018
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Smoke-free legislation and child health.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2016
    Review
  18. Impact of Total Vending Machine Restrictions on US Young Adult Smoking.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Ce ShangInstitute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA. cshang@uic.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExisting evidence has shown that most smoking uptake and escalation occurs while smokers are teenagers or young adults. Effective policies that reduce smoking uptake and escalation will play an important role in curbing cigarette smoking. This study aims to investigate the effect of smoke-free air (SFA) laws in bars on smoking initiation/relapse while controlling for other confounders.

methodsThe national longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) from 1997-2009 was linked to state-level scores for the strength of SFA laws in order to carry out the analysis. RESULTS AND

conclusionWe find that SFA laws in bars with exemptions significantly reduce (p ≤ 0.01) the probability of smoking initiation (one-puff, daily, and heavy smoking initiation). The 100% SFA law in bars without exemption significantly deters smoking relapse from abstinence into daily smoking (p ≤ 0.05) or relapse from abstinence into heavy smoking (p ≤ 0.01) among people age 21 or older. The reduction of one-puff and daily smoking initiation is larger among ages 20 or younger than ages 21 or older, while the reduction in relapse does not differ by whether respondents reach the drinking age. Results also indicate that higher cigarette taxes significantly reduce daily smoking initiation and relapse into nondaily and light smoking.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleRecurrenceRestaurantsSmoke-Free PolicySmokingSmoking PreventionTobacco Smoke PollutionUnited StatesYoung AdultTobacco Smoke Pollution

Identifiers

PMID25584419
PMCPMC4306876

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.