ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2015
Bee venom processes human skin lipids for presentation by CD1a.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- CD1a and Lipids as Mediators of T Cell Activation in the Skin.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2025Review
- CD1a and skin T cells: a pathway for therapeutic intervention.Clinical and experimental dermatology · 2024Review
- The Immunology of Psoriasis-Current Concepts in Pathogenesis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2024Review
- Human Skin T Cells Express Conserved T-Cell Receptors that Cross-React with Staphylococcal Superantigens and CD1a.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2024Article
- Keratinocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles supply antigens for CD1a-resticted T cells and promote their type 2 bias in the context of filaggrin insufficiency.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- CD1a and bound lipids drive T-cell responses in human skin disease.European journal of immunology · 2023Review
- CD1-mediated immune responses in mucosal tissues: molecular mechanisms underlying lipid antigen presentation system.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2023Review
- CD1 displays its own negative regulators.Current opinion in immunology · 2023Review
- Group AScience immunology · 2023Article
- CD1a promotes systemic manifestations of skin inflammation.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Phospholipase activity of acyloxyacyl hydrolase induces IL-22-producing CD1a-autoreactive T cells in individuals with psoriasis.European journal of immunology · 2022Article
- Atopic Dermatitis: The Fate of the Fat.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The interaction of secreted phospholipase A2-IIA with the microbiota alters its lipidome and promotes inflammation.JCI insight · 2022Article
- Article
- A simple assay to quantify mycobacterial lipid antigen-specific T cell receptors in human tissues and blood.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Increased Autotaxin Levels in Severe COVID-19, Correlating with IL-6 Levels, Endothelial Dysfunction Biomarkers, and Impaired Functions of Dendritic Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- CD1a selectively captures endogenous cellular lipids that broadly block T cell response.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2021Article
- Current Understanding of the Roles of CD1a-Restricted T Cells in the Immune System.Molecules and cells · 2021Review
- Novel Molecular Insights into Human Lipid-Mediated T Cell Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- CD1a function in human skin disease.Molecular immunology · 2021Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Venoms frequently co-opt host immune responses, so study of their mode of action can provide insight into novel inflammatory pathways. Using bee and wasp venom responses as a model system, we investigated whether venoms contain CD1-presented antigens. Here, we show that venoms activate human T cells via CD1a proteins. Whereas CD1 proteins typically present lipids, chromatographic separation of venoms unexpectedly showed that stimulatory factors partition into protein-containing fractions. This finding was explained by demonstrating that bee venom-derived phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activates T cells through generation of small neoantigens, such as free fatty acids and lysophospholipids, from common phosphodiacylglycerides. Patient studies showed that injected PLA2 generates lysophospholipids within human skin in vivo, and polyclonal T cell responses are dependent on CD1a protein and PLA2. These findings support a previously unknown skin immune response based on T cell recognition of CD1a proteins and lipid neoantigen generated in vivo by phospholipases. The findings have implications for skin barrier sensing by T cells and mechanisms underlying phospholipase-dependent inflammatory skin disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.