Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25583897›Full record

ArticleAnnals of family medicine

It's time to shine the light on direct-to-consumer advertising.

Tim K Mackey, Bryan A Liang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of family medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Internet and Advertisement.Science and engineering ethics · 2016
    Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Tim K MackeyGlobal Health Policy Institute, San Diego, California Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California Division of Global Public Health, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California Joint Masters Program in Health Policy and Law, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California San Diego Center for Patient Safety, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California tmackey@ucsd.edu.
Bryan A LiangGlobal Health Policy Institute, San Diego, California Joint Masters Program in Health Policy and Law, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California San Diego Center for Patient Safety, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pharmaceutical marketing is undergoing a transition as the business, delivery, and consumption of health care have increasingly become part of a growing digital landscape. Changes in pharmaceutical promotion also coincide with federal "sunshine" regulations newly implemented under the Affordable Care Act that require disclosure of certain marketing and industry payments to physicians. Collectively, these trends could lead to fundamental shifts in physician-directed and direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) that have yet to be adequately identified or explored. In response, we advocate for greater DTCA transparency, especially in the emerging digital forms of DTCA, to complement forthcoming sunshine transparency data. This will allow more robust study and understanding of changes in overall pharmaceutical marketing trends and their impact on health care consumption and behavior. This can also lead to more targeted state and federal policy interventions leveraging existing federal transparency regulations to ensure appropriate marketing, sales, and consumption of pharmaceutical products.

Indexed as

Conflict of InterestDisclosureDrug IndustryHealth PolicyPhysiciansAdvertisingHumansMarketing of Health ServicesPatient Protection and Affordable Care ActUnited Statesconflicts of interestdirect-to-consumer advertisingeHealthhealth marketing and promotionhealth policyphysician paymentsSunshine Act

Identifiers

PMID25583897
PMCPMC4291270

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.