Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25583845›Full record

SynthesisMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2015

The incidence and prevalence of psychiatric disorders in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review.

Ruth Ann Marrie, Stephen Reingold, Jeffrey Cohen, Olaf Stuve, Maria Trojano, Per Soelberg Sorensen, Gary Cutter, Nadia Reider

Open access · greenAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 193 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
193citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
33.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

193 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 498 citations in OpenAlex.

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  20. Psychotropic medication use and bone fracture risk among patients with multiple sclerosis: a real-world study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026
    Article

133 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.

Ruth Ann MarrieDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada/Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada rmarrie@hsc.mb.ca.
Stephen ReingoldScientific and Clinical Review Associates, LLC, USA.
Jeffrey CohenMellen Center for MS Treatment and Research, Cleveland Clinic, USA.
Olaf StuveDepartment of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern, USA.
Maria TrojanoDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Italy.
Per Soelberg SorensenDepartment of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Denmark.
Gary CutterDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
Nadia ReiderDepartment of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada.
University of Manitoba · CACleveland Clinic · USRigshospitalet · DKThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · USUniversity of Bari Aldo Moro · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPsychiatric comorbidity is associated with lower quality of life, more fatigue, and reduced adherence to disease-modifying therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS).

objectivesThe objectives of this review are to estimate the incidence and prevalence of selected comorbid psychiatric disorders in MS and evaluate the quality of included studies.

methodsWe searched the PubMed, PsychInfo, SCOPUS, and Web of Knowledge databases and reference lists of retrieved articles. Abstracts were screened for relevance by two independent reviewers, followed by full-text review. Data were abstracted by one reviewer, and verified by a second reviewer. Study quality was evaluated using a standardized tool. For population-based studies we assessed heterogeneity quantitatively using the I² statistic, and conducted meta-analyses.

resultsWe included 118 studies in this review. Among population-based studies, the prevalence of anxiety was 21.9% (95% CI: 8.76%-35.0%), while it was 14.8% for alcohol abuse, 5.83% for bipolar disorder, 23.7% (95% CI: 17.4%-30.0%) for depression, 2.5% for substance abuse, and 4.3% (95% CI: 0%-10.3%) for psychosis.

conclusionThis review confirms that psychiatric comorbidity, particularly depression and anxiety, is common in MS. However, the incidence of psychiatric comorbidity remains understudied. Future comparisons across studies would be enhanced by developing a consistent approach to measuring psychiatric comorbidity, and reporting of age-, sex-, and ethnicity-specific estimates.

Indexed as

ComorbidityHumansIncidenceMental DisordersMultiple SclerosisPrevalenceanxietybipolar disordercomorbiditydepressionincidenceMultiple sclerosisprevalencepsychosissystematic review

Identifiers

PMID25583845
PMCPMC4429164
OpenAlexW2105913548

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.