ArticleTropical medicine & international health : TM & IH2015
Reframing HIV care: putting people at the centre of antiretroviral delivery.
Article in Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 129 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
129 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Implementation strategies to improve HIV care cascade outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review from 2014 to 2021.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Pooled it
- Interventions and contextual factors to improve retention in care for patients with hypertension in primary care: Hermeneutic systematic review.Preventive medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Organisation and integrated healthcare approaches for people living with HIV, multimorbidity, or both: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- Retention in care and viral suppression in differentiated service delivery models for HIV treatment delivery in sub-Saharan Africa: a rapid systematic review.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Pooled it
- Cost of Differentiated HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Delivery Strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Pooled it
- The effects of decentralising antiretroviral therapy care delivery on health outcomes for adolescents and young adults in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.Global health action · 2019Pooled it
- An exploration of group-based HIV/AIDS treatment and care models in Sub-Saharan Africa using a realist evaluation (Intervention-Context-Actor-Mechanism-Outcome) heuristic tool: a systematic review.Implementation science : IS · 2017Pooled it
- Effect of frequency of clinic visits and medication pick-up on antiretroviral treatment outcomes: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Pooled it
- Experiences and perceptions of conditional cash incentive provision and cessation among people with HIV for care engagement: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- A differentiated digital intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among men who have sex with men living with HIV in China: a randomized controlled trial.BMC medicine · 2022Trial
- The Treatment Ambassador Program: A Highly Acceptable and Feasible Community-Based Peer Intervention for South Africans Living with HIV Who Delay or Discontinue Antiretroviral Therapy.AIDS and behavior · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Acceptability of point-of-care viral load testing to facilitate differentiated care: a qualitative assessment of people living with HIV and nurses in South Africa.BMC health services research · 2020Trial
- Participation in adherence clubs and on-time drug pickup among HIV-infected adults in Zambia: A matched-pair cluster randomized trial.PLoS medicine · 2020Trial
- Understanding the Time Needed to Link to Care and Start ART in Seven HPTN 071 (PopART) Study Communities in Zambia and South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Provider and Patient Perspectives of Rapid ART Initiation and Streamlined HIV Care: Qualitative Insights From Eastern African Communities.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareTrial
- Cost-effectiveness of differentiated HIV service delivery in North Wollo, Ethiopia: a retrospective study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Impact of implementation process on long-acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine prescription at 9 HIV clinics, 2021-2024.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Data-Driven, Patient-Centred HIV Care Supports Sustained Viral Suppression: A Retrospective Programme Analysis From the Medical Research Foundation of Trinidad and Tobago.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
69 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The delivery of HIV care in the initial rapid scale-up of HIV care and treatment was based on existing clinic-based models, which are common in highly resourced settings and largely undifferentiated for individual needs. A new framework for treatment based on variable intensities of care tailored to the specific needs of different groups of individuals across the cascade of care is proposed here. Service intensity is characterised by four delivery components: (i) types of services delivered, (ii) location of service delivery, (iii) provider of health services and (iv) frequency of health services. How these components are developed into a service delivery framework will vary across countries and populations, with the intention being to improve acceptability and care outcomes. The goal of getting more people on treatment before they become ill will necessitate innovative models of delivering both testing and care. As HIV programmes expand treatment eligibility, many people entering care will not be 'patients' but healthy, active and productive members of society. To take the framework to scale, it will be important to: (i) define which individuals can be served by an alternative delivery framework; (ii) strengthen health systems that support decentralisation, integration and task shifting; (iii) make the supply chain more robust; and (iv) invest in data systems for patient tracking and for programme monitoring and evaluation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.