ArticleThe American journal of surgical pathology2015
BRAF VE1 immunoreactivity patterns in epithelioid glioblastomas positive for BRAF V600E mutation.
Article in The American journal of surgical pathology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review of Molecular Targeted Therapies for Adult-Type Diffuse Glioma: An Analysis of Clinical and Laboratory Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy response and resistance in glioblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Epithelioid glioblastoma mimicking metastatic brain tumor: A case report and literature review.Radiology case reports · 2025Article
- Efficacy of BRAF/MEK-inhibitor therapy for epithelioid glioblastoma with a novel BRAFV600 mutation.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2024Article
- A Synopsis of Biomarkers in Glioblastoma: Past and Present.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Potential Diagnostic and Clinical Significance of Selected Genetic Alterations in Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- A critical review of RAF inhibitors in BRAF-mutated glioma treatment.Pharmacogenomics · 2024Review
- Clinical, Morphological, and Molecular Study on Grade 2 and 3 Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Article
- Major Features of the 2021 WHO Classification of CNS Tumors.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2022Review
- A rare occurrence of an epithelioid glioblastoma in a pediatric patient: case report and review of the literature.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2022Review
- Epithelioid glioblastoma exhibits a heterogeneous molecular feature: A targeted next-generation sequencing study.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Prediction of BRAF mutation status in glioblastoma multiforme by preoperative ring enhancement appearances on MRI.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Molecular alterations of low-grade gliomas in young patients: Strategies and platforms for routine evaluation.Neuro-oncology practice · 2021Review
- RAF and MEK inhibitor therapy in adult patients with brain tumors: a case-based overview and practical management of adverse events.Neuro-oncology practice · 2020Review
- Insights in the immunobiology of glioblastoma.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Review
- Clinicopathological, Immunohistochemical and Molecular Genetic Study on Epithelioid Glioblastoma: A Series of Fifteen Cases with Literature Review.OncoTargets and therapy · 2020Article
- Detection of BRAF V600E Mutation in Ganglioglioma and Pilocytic Astrocytoma by Immunohistochemistry and Real-Time PCR-Based Idylla Test.Disease markers · 2020Article
- Review
- Evaluation of EZH2 expression, BRAF V600E mutation, and CDKN2A/B deletions in epithelioid glioblastoma and anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2019Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Epithelioid glioblastomas (E-GBMs) manifest BRAF V600E mutation in up to 50% of cases, compared with a small percentage of ordinary GBMs, suggesting that they are best considered variants rather than a different pattern of GBM. Availability of a targeted therapy, vemurafenib, may make testing BRAF status important for treatment. It is unclear whether BRAF VE1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) can substitute for Sanger sequencing in these tumors. BRAF VE1 IHC was correlated with Sanger sequencing results on our original cohort of E-GBMs, and then new E-GBM cases were tested with both techniques (n=20). Results were compared with those in similarly assessed giant cell GBMs, anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas. All tumors tested showed 1:1 correlation between BRAF V600E mutational results and IHC. However, heavy background immunostaining in some negatively mutated cases resulted in equivocal results that required repeat IHC testing and additional mutation testing using a different methodology to confirm lack of detectable BRAF mutation. Mutated/BRAF VE1 IHC E-GBMs and anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas tended to manifest strong, diffuse cytoplasmic immunoreactivity, compared with previously studied gangliogliomas, which demonstrate more intense immunoreactivity in the ganglion than in the glial tumor component. One of our E-GBM patients with initial gross total resection quickly recurred within 4 months, required a second resection, and then was placed on vemurafenib; she remains tumor free 21 months after second resection without neuroimaging evidence of residual disease, adding to the growing number of reports of successful treatment of BRAF-mutated glial tumors with drug. E-GBMs show good correlation between mutational status and IHC, albeit with limitations to IHC. E-GBMs can respond to targeted therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.