SynthesisDrugs in R&D2015
Second-generation antipsychotics and neuroleptic malignant syndrome: systematic review and case report analysis.
Synthesis in Drugs in R&D, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- The use of antipsychotics in the treatment of catatonia: a systematic review.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Pooled it
- Drug-induced oral lichenoid reactions: a real clinical entity? A systematic review.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2017Pooled it
- Article
- Atypical Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Without Rigidity During Clozapine Titration: A Diagnostic Challenge.Cureus · 2026Article
- Atypical neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a geriatric palliative care patient: a case report and review of the literature.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Review
- Sertraline and quetiapine induced Serotonin Syndrome and Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: a case report.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Beyond Infections: A Case Report on the Identification of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) in a Complex Clinical Context.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Guideline for pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia 2022.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2025Article
- Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome with Low-dose Quetiapine After Venlafaxine Withdrawal: A Case Report.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in Huntington disease.European journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Acute Quetiapine Intoxication: Relationship Between Ingested Dose, Serum Concentration and Clinical Presentation-Structured Literature Review and Analysis.Journal of xenobiotics · 2024Review
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome and serotonin syndrome: a comparative bibliometric analysis.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2024Review
- Aripiprazole-induced quasi-neuroleptic malignant syndrome: two case reports.Journal of medical case reports · 2024Article
- Atypical neuroleptic malignant syndrome in an incarcerated patient: a demographic who may be at increased risk.BMJ case reports · 2024Article
- Serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome: A case report of intersecting symptomatology.The mental health clinician · 2024Article
- Serious adverse drug events associated with psychotropic treatment of bipolar or schizoaffective disorder: a 17-year follow-up on the LiSIE retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Treatment of a schizophrenia patient on long-term super-dose antipsychotics: a case report.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- A real-world pharmacovigilance study of neuroleptic malignant syndrome based on FDA adverse event reporting system.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- A fatal case of fulminant neuroleptic malignant syndrome: A case report.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2023Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNeuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare, severe, idiosyncratic adverse reaction to antipsychotics. Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) were originally assumed to be free from the risk of causing NMS, however several cases of NMS induced by SGAs (SGA-NMS) have been reported.
objectivesThe aim of this study was to systematically review available studies and case reports on SGA-NMS and compare the presentation of NMS induced by different SGAs. DATA SOURCES: Citations were retrieved from PubMed up to November 2013, and from reference lists of relevant citations. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Eligibility criteria included (a) primary studies reporting data on NMS, with at least 50 % of the sample receiving SGAs; or (b) case reports and case reviews reporting on NMS induced by SGA monotherapy, excluding those due to antipsychotic withdrawal. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS
methodsA standardized method for data extraction and coding was developed for the analysis of eligible case reports.
resultsSix primary studies and 186 individual cases of NMS induced by SGAs were included. Primary studies suggest that SGA-NMS is characterized by lower incidence, lower clinical severity, and less frequent lethal outcome than NMS induced by first-generation antipsychotics. Systematic analysis of case reports suggests that even the most recently marketed antipsychotics are not free from the risk of inducing NMS. Furthermore, clozapine-, aripiprazole- and amisulpride-induced NMS can present with atypical features more frequently than other SGA-NMS, i.e. displaying less intense extrapyramidal symptoms or high fever. LIMITATIONS: Case reports report non-systematic data, therefore analyses may be subject to bias. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY
findingsClinicians should be aware that NMS is virtually associated with all antipsychotics, including those most recently marketed. Although apparently less severe than NMS induced by older antipsychotics, SGA-NMS still represent a relevant clinical issue.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.