ArticleNeuron2015
Heterosynaptic regulation of external globus pallidus inputs to the subthalamic nucleus by the motor cortex.
Article in Neuron, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
- Connectivity and Functionality of the Globus Pallidus Externa Under Normal Conditions and Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2021Pooled it
- The promotion-like effect of the M1-STN hyperdirect pathway induced by ccPAS enhanced balance performances: From the perspective of brain connectivity.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Trial
- Nigra-Subthalamic Dopaminergic Circuitry Modulates and Represents Distinct Pain Modality in Physiological and Pain States in Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Motor cortex directly excites the substantia nigra pars reticulata, the basal ganglia output nucleus.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Emergence of Task-Related Motor Cortical Dysfunction in Mice with Progressive Parkinsonism.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Calcium-based synaptic and structural plasticity link pathological activity to synaptic reorganization in Parkinson's disease.Science advances · 2025Article
- Dysfunction of subthalamic dopaminergic circuitry contributes to anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in 6-OHDA lesion-induced hemiparkinsonian mice.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2025Article
- Histamine Modulation of the Basal Ganglia Circuitry in the Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Ideal animal models according to multifaceted mechanisms and peculiarities in neurological disorders: present and challenges.Archives of pharmacal research · 2025Review
- Unraveling the Complexity of Parkinson's Disease: Insights into Pathogenesis and Precision Interventions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Neuroplasticity in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2024Review
- Beta bursts in the parkinsonian cortico-basal ganglia network form spatially discrete ensembles.Neurobiology of disease · 2024Article
- Article
- Neuronal and synaptic adaptations underlying the benefits of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease.Translational neurodegeneration · 2023Review
- The transcription regulator Lmo3 is required for the development of medial ganglionic eminence derived neurons in the external globus pallidus.Developmental biology · 2023Article
- Cell and circuit complexity of the external globus pallidus.Nature neuroscience · 2023Review
- Exploration behavior after reversals is predicted by STN-GPe synaptic plasticity in a basal ganglia model.iScience · 2023Article
- Decoupling of interacting neuronal populations by time-shifted stimulation through spike-timing-dependent plasticity.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- Synaptic network structure shapes cortically evoked spatio-temporal responses of STN and GPe neurons in a computational model.Frontiers in neuroinformatics · 2023Article
- The dendritic engram.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The two principal movement-suppressing pathways of the basal ganglia, the so-called hyperdirect and indirect pathways, interact within the subthalamic nucleus (STN). An appropriate level and pattern of hyperdirect pathway cortical excitation and indirect pathway external globus pallidus (GPe) inhibition of the STN are critical for normal movement and are greatly perturbed in Parkinson's disease. Here we demonstrate that motor cortical inputs to the STN heterosynaptically regulate, through activation of postsynaptic NMDA receptors, the number of functional GABAA receptor-mediated GPe-STN inputs. Therefore, a homeostatic mechanism, intrinsic to the STN, balances cortical excitation by adjusting the strength of GPe inhibition. However, following the loss of dopamine, excessive cortical activation of STN NMDA receptors triggers GPe-STN inputs to strengthen abnormally, contributing to the emergence of pathological, correlated activity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.