ArticleToxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology2015
Quantification of ricin, RCA and comparison of enzymatic activity in 18 Ricinus communis cultivars by isotope dilution mass spectrometry.
Article in Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Potential and Industrial Applications ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the Nematicidal and Phytotoxic Potential ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Development of an InnovativeToxins · 2026Article
- The Development of a Sensitive and Selective Method for the Quantitative Detection of Ricin via ICP-MS Combined with Metal Element Chelated Tag and Modified Nanoparticles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Rapid detection of ricin at trace levels in complex matrices by asialofetuin-coated beads and bottom-up proteomics using high-resolution mass spectrometry.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Article
- Medical Countermeasures against Ricin Intoxication.Toxins · 2023Review
- Detection of ricin activity and structure by using novel galactose-terminated magnetic bead extraction coupled with mass spectrometric detection.Analytical biochemistry · 2021Article
- [Highly toxic type Ⅱ ribosome-inactivating proteins ricin and abrin and their detection methods: a review].Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography · 2021Review
- Ricin Antibodies' Neutralizing Capacity against Different Ricin Isoforms and Cultivars.Toxins · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- Quantitative detection of ricin in beverages using trypsin/Glu-C tandem digestion coupled with ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- Dual-Channel Enzymatic Inhibition Measurement (DEIM) Coupling Isotope Substrate via Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2018Article
- Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The seeds of the Ricinus communis (Castor bean) plant are the source of the economically important commodity castor oil. Castor seeds also contain the proteins ricin and R. communis agglutinin (RCA), two toxic lectins that are hazardous to human health. Radial immunodiffusion (RID) and the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are two antibody-based methods commonly used to quantify ricin and RCA; however, antibodies currently used in these methods cannot distinguish between ricin and RCA due to the high sequence homology of the respective proteins. In this study, a technique combining antibody-based affinity capture with liquid chromatography and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry (MS) was used to quantify the amounts of ricin and RCA independently in extracts prepared from the seeds of eighteen representative cultivars of R. communis which were propagated under identical conditions. Additionally, liquid chromatography and MRM-MS was used to determine rRNA N-glycosidase activity for each cultivar and the overall activity in these cultivars was compared to a purified ricin standard. Of the cultivars studied, the average ricin content was 9.3 mg/g seed, the average RCA content was 9.9 mg/g seed, and the enzymatic activity agreed with the activity of a purified ricin reference within 35% relative activity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.