ArticleArchives of biochemistry and biophysics2015
Cellular localization of β-carotene 15,15' oxygenase-1 (BCO1) and β-carotene 9',10' oxygenase-2 (BCO2) in rat liver and intestine.
Article in Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Limited appearance of apocarotenoids is observed in plasma after consumption of tomato juices: a randomized human clinical trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2018Trial
- Hydrophobic NADES-Derived Pumpkin Carotenoid Extract Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Decoding color variation: genome-wide characterization and expression analysis of pigment pathways in Neocaridina denticulata.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Carotenoid bioavailability in humans reflects the mammalian nocturnal bottleneck: a position paper.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2026Article
- β-Carotene Impacts the Liver MicroRNA Profile in a Sex-Specific Manner in Mouse Offspring of Western Diet-Fed Mothers: Results from Microarray Analysis by Direct Hybridization.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The Relationship Between Lycopene and Metabolic Diseases.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Cell-specific AHR-driven differential gene expression in the mouse liver cell following acute TCDD exposure.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Deposition and enrichment of carotenoids in livestock products: An overview.Food chemistry: X · 2024Review
- Article
- Bioavailability and provitamin A activity of neurosporaxanthin in mice.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Review
- Mechanism for the selective uptake of macular carotenoids mediated by the HDL cholesterol receptor SR-BI.Experimental eye research · 2023Article
- Factors determining the oral absorption and systemic disposition of zeaxanthin in rats:Pharmaceutical biology · 2022Article
- A Computer Simulation Insight into the Formation of Apocarotenoids: Study of the Carotenoid Oxygenases BCO1 and BCO2 and Their Interaction with Putative Substrates.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Effect of partial substitution of tomato for avocado on physico-chemical and sensory aspects of sweet-and-sour sauce.Journal of food science and technology · 2022Article
- Carotenoids in Drug Discovery and Medicine: Pathways and Molecular Targets Implicated in Human Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Mechanisms of Feedback Regulation of Vitamin A Metabolism.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Intrauterine Growth Restriction Induces Adulthood Chronic Metabolic Disorder in Cardiac and Skeletal Muscles.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Lycopene: A Critical Review of Digestion, Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The human mitochondrial enzyme BCO2 exhibits catalytic activity toward carotenoids and apocarotenoids.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The intestine and liver are crucial organs for vitamin A uptake and storage. Liver accounts for 70% of total body retinoid stores. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a major micronutrient deficiency around the world. The provitamin A carotenoid, β-carotene, is a significant source of vitamin A in the diet. β-Carotene 15,15' oxygenase-1 (BCO1) and β-carotene 9',10' oxygenase-2 (BCO2) are the two known carotenoid cleavage enzymes in humans. BCO1 and BCO2 are highly expressed in liver and intestine. Hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells are two main cell types involved in the hepatic metabolism of retinoids. Stellate-like cells in the intestine also show ability to store vitamin A. Liver is also known to accumulate carotenoids, however, their uptake, retention and metabolism in specific liver and intestinal cell types is still unknown. Hence, we studied the cellular and subcellular expression and localization of BCO1 and BCO2 proteins in rat liver and intestine. We demonstrate that both BCO1 and BCO2 proteins are localized in hepatocytes and mucosal epithelium. We also show that BCO1 is also highly expressed in hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and portal endothelial cells in liver. At the subcellular level in liver, BCO1 is found in cytosol, while BCO2 is found in mitochondria. In intestine, immunohistochemistry showed strong BCO1 immunoreactivity in the duodenum, particularly in Brunner's glands. Both BCO1 and BCO2 showed diffuse presence along epithelia with strong immunoreactivity in endothelial cells and in certain epithelial cells which warrant further investigation as possible intestinal retinoid storage cells.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.