ArticleJournal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA
Nonprescription syringe sales: a missed opportunity for HIV prevention in California.
Article in Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Pharmacies in the HIV Prevention and Care Continuums: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- Pharmacy-related syringe access barriers: an audit of Oregon community pharmacies.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Community pharmacists' attitudes toward and practice of pharmacy-based harm reduction services in Pittsburgh, PA: a descriptive survey.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Come back when you're infected: pharmacy access to sterile syringes in an Arizona Secret Shopper Study, 2023.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- NEXT: description, rationale, and evaluation of a novel internet-based mail-delivered syringe service program.Journal of substance use · 2024Article
- Potential Impact of Telemedicine for Medication Abortion Policy and Programming Changes on Abortion Accessibility in the United States.American journal of public health · 2022Article
- Participants of a mail delivery syringe services program are underserved by other safe sources for sterile injection supplies.The International journal on drug policy · 2022Article
- Expanding Mail-Based Distribution of Drug-Related Harm Reduction Supplies Amid COVID-19 and Beyond.American journal of public health · 2021Article
- Consider the Source: Associations between Syringe Sources and Risky Injection Behaviors in California's Central Valley.Substance use & misuse · 2021Article
- Syringe access and health harms: Characterizing "landscapes of antagonism" in California's Central Valley.The International journal on drug policy · 2020Article
- Barriers to using new needles encountered by rural Appalachian people who inject drugs: implications for needle exchange.Harm reduction journal · 2019Article
- Factors associated with obtaining sterile syringes from pharmacies among persons who inject drugs in 20 US cities.The International journal on drug policy · 2018Article
- Stigma at every turn: Health services experiences among people who inject drugs.The International journal on drug policy · 2018Article
- Down in the valley: Trajectories of injection initiation among young injectors in California's Central Valley.The International journal on drug policy · 2017Article
- Community pharmacist-provided opioid intervention frequencies and barriers.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhAArticle
- Nonprescription naloxone and syringe sales in the midst of opioid overdose and hepatitis C virus epidemics: Massachusetts, 2015.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhAArticle
- Self-reported participation in voluntary nonprescription syringe sales in California's Central Valley.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhAArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo assess implementation of California Senate Bill SB41 in two inland California counties where prevalence of injection drug use is among the highest in the nation.
designSyringe purchase trial.
settingFresno and Kern counties, California.
participantsAll 248 community pharmacies in the counties.
main outcome measureSuccessful or unsuccessful syringe purchase attempt.
resultsOnly 52 (21.0%) syringe purchase attempts were successful. The proportion of successful attempts did not vary by county or by data collector ethnicity. The most common reasons for unsuccessful syringe purchase attempts were prescription requirements (45.7%), the requested syringe size was not available (10.7%), and the pharmacy did not sell syringes (9.7%). In addition, some syringe purchase attempts (4.1%) were unsuccessful because the data collector was asked to purchase more syringes than allowed by law. Although 80% and 78% of Fresno and Kern residents, respectively, live within a 5-minute drive of a community pharmacy, less than one-half live within a 5-minute drive of a community pharmacy that sold syringes.
conclusionSB41 has not resulted in broad pharmacy-based syringe access in California's inland counties, where a disproportionate number of cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are associated with injection drug use. Additional steps by legislative bodies, regulatory agencies, and professional organizations are needed to actively engage pharmacies in expanding nonprescription syringe sales to reduce HIV transmission among injection drug users.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.