ArticleBlood2015
Colony stimulating factor-1 receptor signaling networks inhibit mouse macrophage inflammatory responses by induction of microRNA-21.
Article in Blood, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 152 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of microRNAs in Pulp Inflammation.Cells · 2021Pooled it
- Orthogonal recognition of miRNA and lncRNA enables high-fidelity cancer diagnostics.Communications chemistry · 2026Article
- A Dually Nanobody-Engineered Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Nanomedicine Targeting Tumour-Associated Macrophages and Cancer Cells for Cancer Therapy.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- The Research Progress of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Prostate Cancer.Journal of immunology research · 2026Review
- Dual inhibition of CSF-1R and IDO modulates the fibrotic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Role of Colony Stimulating Factor 1 (CSF-1) and Its Receptor CSF1R: Macrophage Repolarization for Glioblastoma Treatment.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
- An AND-gate DNA walker sensing microRNA and flap endonuclease 1.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Article
- Integrative PANoptosis gene profiling reveals prognostic and therapeutic insights in prostate cancer.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Article
- Reprogramming of GM-CSF-dependent alveolar macrophages through GSK3 activity modulation.eLife · 2025Article
- Decoding Macrophage Dynamics: A Pathway to Understanding and Treating Inflammatory Skin Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Emerging understandings of the role of exosomes in atherosclerosis.Journal of cellular physiology · 2025Review
- Microglial dynamics and emerging therapeutic strategies in CNS homeostasis and pathology.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Regulatory role of microRNAs in virus-mediated inflammation.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2024Review
- Review
- Review
- Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound: A Physical Stimulus with Immunomodulatory and Anti-inflammatory Potential.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Review
- Non-coding RNAs as therapeutic targets in cancer and its clinical application.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Review
- Defining mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells using single-cell transcriptomics.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Macrophages in cardiovascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Development of anti-cancer drugs for tumor-associated macrophages: a comprehensive review and mechanistic insights.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Review
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophage polarization between the M2 (repair, protumorigenic) and M1 (inflammatory) phenotypes is seen as a continuum of states. The detailed transcriptional events and signals downstream of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) that contributes to amplification of the M2 phenotype and suppression of the M1 phenotype are largely unknown. Macrophage CSF-1R pTyr-721 signaling promotes cell motility and enhancement of tumor cell invasion in vitro. Combining analysis of cellular systems for CSF-1R gain of function and loss of function with bioinformatic analysis of the macrophage CSF-1R pTyr-721-regulated transcriptome, we uncovered microRNA-21 (miR-21) as a downstream molecular switch controlling macrophage activation and identified extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 and nuclear factor-κB as CSF-1R pTyr-721-regulated signaling nodes. We show that CSF-1R pTyr-721 signaling suppresses the inflammatory phenotype, predominantly by induction of miR-21. Profiling of the miR-21-regulated messenger RNAs revealed that 80% of the CSF-1-regulated canonical miR-21 targets are proinflammatory molecules. Additionally, miR-21 positively regulates M2 marker expression. Moreover, miR-21 feeds back to positively regulate its own expression and to limit CSF-1R-mediated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 and nuclear factor-κB. Consistent with an anti-inflammatory role of miRNA-21, intraperitoneal injection of mice with a miRNA-21 inhibitor increases the recruitment of inflammatory monocytes and enhances the peritoneal monocyte/macrophage response to lipopolysaccharide. These results identify the CSF-1R-regulated miR-21 network that modulates macrophage polarization.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.