Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25573883›Full record

ArticleDiabetes care2015

Determinants of adherence to diabetes medications: findings from a large pharmacy claims database.

M Sue Kirkman, Megan T Rowan-Martin, Rebecca Levin, Vivian A Fonseca, Julie A Schmittdiel, William H Herman, Ronald E Aubert

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes care, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05291026 (Evaluation of mHealth Intervention to Improve Medication Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes in Nigeria), which is not on this map. Cited by 188 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
188citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05291026 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

Evaluation of mHealth Intervention to Improve Medication Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes in Nigeria: a Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorObafemi Awolowo UniversityRan2018 to 2019Enrolled120ConditionsDiabetes MellitusArmsmobile phone-based health information
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

188 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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128 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

M Sue KirkmanUniversity of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC sue_kirkman@med.unc.edu.
Megan T Rowan-MartinAmerican Diabetes Association, Alexandria, VA.
Rebecca LevinExpress Scripts, Franklin Lakes, NJ.
Vivian A FonsecaTulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA.
Julie A SchmittdielDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA.
William H HermanUniversity of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
Ronald E AubertResearch and Evaluation Analytics, LLC, Ringwood, NJ.

Funding

Regional Pilot And Feasibility Study Grants ProgramP30DK020572 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Mehboob A Hussain · 2013 to 2026
$24.3M
Research BaseP30DK092926 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MARY ELLEN MICHELE HEISLER, ADESUWA B OLOMU · 2011 to 2026
$10.0M
Translational Research Core - Health Engagement & Action Translational (HEAT)P30DK092924 · NIDDK · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI Alyce Sophia Adams, HILARY Kessler SELIGMAN · 2011 to 2026
$9.2M
NIDDK NIH HHS 1P30-DK-92924NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020572NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK092924NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK092926
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAdults with diabetes typically take multiple medications for hyperglycemia, diabetes-associated conditions, and other comorbidities. Medication adherence is associated with improved outcomes, including reduced health care costs, hospitalization, and mortality. We conducted a retrospective analysis of a large pharmacy claims database to examine patient, medication, and prescriber factors associated with adherence to antidiabetic medications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsWe extracted data on a cohort of >200,000 patients who were treated for diabetes with noninsulin medications in the second half of 2010 and had continuous prescription benefits eligibility through 2011. Adherence was defined as a medication possession ratio ≥ 0.8. We used a modified adherence measure that accounted for switching therapies. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors independently associated with adherence.

resultsSixty-nine percent of patients were adherent. Adherence was independently associated with older age, male sex, higher education, higher income, use of mail order versus retail pharmacies, primary care versus nonendocrinology specialist prescribers, higher daily total pill burden, and lower out-of-pocket costs. Patients who were new to diabetes therapy were significantly less likely to be adherent.

conclusionsSeveral demographic, clinical, and potentially modifiable system-level factors were associated with adherence to antidiabetic medications. Patients typically perceived to be healthy (those who are younger, new to diabetes, and on few other medications) may be at risk for nonadherence. For all patients, efforts to reduce out-of-pocket costs and encourage use of mail order pharmacies may result in higher adherence.

Indexed as

Drug MonitoringAdultAgedDatabases, FactualDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Epidemiologic FactorsFemaleHealth Care CostsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsurance Claim ReviewMaleMiddle AgedPharmaciesRetrospective StudiesHypoglycemic Agents

Identifiers

PMID25573883
PMCPMC4370331

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.